Related papers: Tackling the Class Imbalance Problem of Deep Learn…

The computer-aided analysis of medical scans is a longstanding goal in the medical imaging field. Currently, deep learning has became a dominant methodology for supporting pathologists and radiologist. Deep learning algorithms have been…

Segmentation of biomedical images can assist radiologists to make a better diagnosis and take decisions faster by helping in the detection of abnormalities, such as tumors. Manual or semi-automated segmentation, however, can be a…

The analysis of organ vessels is essential for computer-aided diagnosis and surgical planning. But it is not a easy task since the fine-detailed connected regions of organ vessel bring a lot of ambiguity in vessel segmentation and sub-type…

Computer-aided segmentation of brain tumors from MRI data is of crucial significance to clinical decision-making in diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up disease monitoring. Gliomas, owing to their high malignancy and heterogeneity,…

Medical imaging plays a crucial role in modern healthcare by providing non-invasive visualisation of internal structures and abnormalities, enabling early disease detection, accurate diagnosis, and treatment planning. This study aims to…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) work very well for supervised learning problems when the training dataset is representative of the variations expected to be encountered at test time. In medical image segmentation, this premise is…

Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is a pre-malignant histopathological diagnosis given to lesions of the oral cavity. Predicting OED grade or whether a case will transition to malignancy is critical for early detection and appropriate…

Cancer is an abnormal growth with potential to invade locally and metastasize to distant organs. Accurate auto-segmentation of the tumor and surrounding normal tissues is required for radiotherapy treatment plan optimization. Recent…

Class imbalance is a widespread challenge in NLP tasks, significantly hindering robust performance across diverse domains and applications. We introduce Hardness-Aware Meta-Resample (HAMR), a unified framework that adaptively addresses both…

Many successful methods developed for medical image analysis that are based on machine learning use supervised learning approaches, which often require large datasets annotated by experts to achieve high accuracy. However, medical data…

We introduce DeepNAT, a 3D Deep convolutional neural network for the automatic segmentation of NeuroAnaTomy in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. DeepNAT is an end-to-end learning-based approach to brain segmentation that jointly learns…

The aorta, the body's largest artery, is prone to pathologies such as dissection, aneurysm, and atherosclerosis, which often require timely intervention. Minimally invasive repairs involving branch vessels necessitate detailed 3D anatomical…

Automatic lymph node (LN) segmentation and detection for cancer staging are critical. In clinical practice, computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging detect abnormal LNs. Despite its low contrast and variety in…

Prostate segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a challenging task. In recent years, several network architectures have been proposed to automate this process and alleviate the burden of manual annotation. Although the…

Brain tissue segmentation from multimodal MRI is a key building block of many neuroscience analysis pipelines. It could also play an important role in many clinical imaging scenarios. Established tissue segmentation approaches have however…

Segmentation of brain tumors is a critical step in treatment planning, yet manual segmentation is both time-consuming and subjective, relying heavily on the expertise of radiologists. In Sub-Saharan Africa, this challenge is magnified by…

Deep neural networks have been widely adopted for automatic organ segmentation from abdominal CT scans. However, the segmentation accuracy of some small organs (e.g., the pancreas) is sometimes below satisfaction, arguably because deep…

In this paper, we study the problem of class imbalance in semantic segmentation. We first investigate and identify the main challenges of addressing this issue through pixel rebalance. Then a simple and yet effective region rebalance scheme…

Skin lesion segmentation is a vital task in skin cancer diagnosis and further treatment. Although deep learning based approaches have significantly improved the segmentation accuracy, these algorithms are still reliant on having a large…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have rapidly become a \textit{de facto} choice for medical image understanding tasks. However, DNNs are notoriously fragile to the class imbalance in image classification. We further point out that such imbalance…