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Alternative data representations are powerful tools that augment the performance of downstream models. However, there is an abundance of such representations within the machine learning toolbox, and the field lacks a comparative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-12 Aaron Maiwald , Leon Ackermann , Maximilian Kalcher , Daniel J. Wu

Waveform physiological data is important in the treatment of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. Such recordings are susceptible to artefacts, which must be removed before the data can be re-used for alerting or reprocessed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-07 Tom Edinburgh , Peter Smielewski , Marek Czosnyka , Stephen J. Eglen , Ari Ercole

Biological measurements are often contaminated with large amounts of non-stationary noise which require effective noise reduction techniques. We present a new real-time deep learning algorithm which produces adaptively a signal opposing the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Bernd Porr , Sama Daryanavard , Lucía Muñoz Bohollo , Henry Cowan , Bernd Porr , Ravinder Dahiya

The reconstruction of 3D objects from brain signals has gained significant attention in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. Current research predominantly utilizes functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for 3D reconstruction…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Xia Deng , Shen Chen , Jiale Zhou , Lei Li

Motion artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remain a major challenge, as they degrade image quality and compromise diagnostic reliability. Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently shown promise for artifact removal.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Genyuan Zhang , Xuyang Duan , Songtao Zhu , Ao Wang , Fenglin Liu

Metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques aim at removing metal-induced noise from clinical images. In Computed Tomography (CT), supervised deep learning approaches have been shown effective but limited in generalisability, as they mostly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Marta B. M. Ranzini , Irme Groothuis , Kerstin Kläser , M. Jorge Cardoso , Johann Henckel , Sébastien Ourselin , Alister Hart , Marc Modat

Since the advent of Deepfakes in digital media, the development of robust and reliable detection mechanism is urgently called for. In this study, we explore a novel approach to Deepfake detection by utilizing electroencephalography (EEG)…

Electroencephalography (EEG) stands as a crucial tool in neuroscientific research and clinical diagnostics, providing valuable insights into the electrical activities of the brain. Traditional EEG signal processing techniques, predominantly…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-12 Aryan Govil , Eric Yao , Christina R. Borao

EEG preprocessing varies widely between studies, but its impact on classification performance remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we analyzed seven experiments with 40 participants drawn from the public ERP CORE dataset. We…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-20 Roman Kessler , Alexander Enge , Michael A. Skeide

A high fraction of artifact-free signals is highly desirable in functional neuroimaging and brain-computer interfacing (BCI). We present the high-variance electrode artifact removal (HEAR) algorithm to remove transient electrode pop and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-30 Reinmar J. Kobler , Andreea I. Sburlea , Valeria Mondini , Gernot R. Müller-Putz

Motion artifacts compromise the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pose challenges to achieving diagnostic outcomes and image-guided therapies. In recent years, supervised deep learning approaches have emerged as successful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-15 Yusheng Zhou , Hao Li , Jianan Liu , Zhengmin Kong , Tao Huang , Euijoon Ahn , Zhihan Lv , Jinman Kim , David Dagan Feng

Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement using dry electrodes has a problem with high-intensity noise distortion. Hence, a robust noise reduction method is required. However, overlapping frequency bands of ECG and noise make noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Takamasa Terada , Masahiro Toyoura

Denoising wearable electroencephalogram (EEG) is inherently challenging since neural activity is not only subtle but also inseparable from spectrally overlapping noise artifacts. Classical signal processing methods, relying on fixed or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Qiyu Rao , Haozhe Tian , Homayoun Hamedmoghadam , Danilo Mandic

Decoding the human brain has been a hallmark of neuroscientists and Artificial Intelligence researchers alike. Reconstruction of visual images from brain Electroencephalography (EEG) signals has garnered a lot of interest due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Prajwal Singh , Dwip Dalal , Gautam Vashishtha , Krishna Miyapuram , Shanmuganathan Raman

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive technique for monitoring brain activity, but low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) due to various artifacts often compromise its utility. Conventional artifact removal methods require…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Shantanu Sarkar , Piotr Nabrzyski , Saurabh Prasad , Jose Luis Contreras-Vidal

Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely researched for neural decoding in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) as it is non-invasive, portable, and economical. However, EEG signals suffer from inter- and intra-subject variability, leading to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Taveena Lotey , Aman Verma , Partha Pratim Roy

Objective: The most relevant source of signal contamination in the cardiac electrophysiology (EP) laboratory is the ubiquitous powerline interference (PLI). To reduce this perturbation, algorithms including common fixed bandwidth and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Miguel Martinez-Iniesta , Juan Rodenas , Jose J. Rieta , Raul Alcaraz

Electroencephalography (EEG) is essential in neuroscience and clinical practice, yet it suffers from physiological artifacts, particularly electromyography (EMG), which distort signals. We propose a deep learning model using pix2pixGAN to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Haoyi Wang , Xufang Chen , Yue Yang , Kewei Zhou , Meining Lv , Dongrui Wang , Wenjie Zhang

Diffusion-weighted MRI is nowadays performed routinely due to its prognostic ability, yet the quality of the scans are often unsatisfactory which can subsequently hamper the clinical utility. To overcome the limitations, here we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-04 Hyungjin Chung , Jaehyun Kim , Jeong Hee Yoon , Jeong Min Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Machine learning (ML) methods have the potential to automate clinical EEG analysis. They can be categorized into feature-based (with handcrafted features), and end-to-end approaches (with learned features). Previous studies on EEG pathology…