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As a software system evolves, its architecture tends to degrade, and gradually impedes software maintenance and evolution activities and negatively impacts the quality attributes of the system. The main root cause behind architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Paris Avgeriou

As software systems evolve, their architecture is meant to adapt accordingly by following the changes in requirements, the environment, and the implementation. However, in practice, the evolving system often deviates from the architecture,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Code review plays an important role in software quality control. A typical review process would involve a careful check of a piece of code in an attempt to find defects and other quality issues/violations. One type of issues that may impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Xiaofeng Han , Amjed Tahir , Peng Liang , Steve Counsell , Yajing Luo

Architecture erosion has a detrimental effect on maintenance and evolution, as the implementation deviates from the intended architecture. Detecting symptoms of erosion, particularly architectural violations, at an early stage is crucial.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Paris Avgeriou

Architecture erosion (AEr) can adversely affect software development and has received significant attention in the last decade. However, there is an absence of a comprehensive understanding of the state of research about the reasons and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Code review that detects and locates defects and other quality issues plays an important role in software quality control. One type of issue that may impact the quality of software is code smells. Yet, little is known about the extent to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Xiaofeng Han , Amjed Tahir , Peng Liang , Steve Counsell , Kelly Blincoe , Bing Li , Yajing Luo

Code smells are symptoms of poor design quality. Since code review is a process that also aims at improving code quality, we investigate whether and how code review influences the severity of code smells. In this study, we analyze more than…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Luca Pascarella , Davide Spadini , Fabio Palomba , Alberto Bacchelli

Architectural decay imposes real costs in terms of developer effort, system correctness, and performance. Over time, those problems are likely to be revealed as explicit implementation issues (defects, feature changes, etc.). Recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Duc Minh Le , Suhrid Karthik , Marcelo Schmitt Laser , Nenad Medvidovic

The architecture of a system captures important design decisions for the system. Over time, changes in a system's implementation may lead to violations of specific design decisions. This problem is common in industry and known as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Diego Marmsoler , Ana Petrovska

Background: Despite the widespread use of automated security defect detection tools, software projects still contain many security defects that could result in serious damage. Such tools are largely context-insensitive and may not cover all…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Jiaxin Yu , Liming Fu , Peng Liang , Amjed Tahir , Mojtaba Shahin

Architecture erosion is a big challenge in modern architectures leading to a deterioration of the quality properties of these systems. Today, no comprehensive approach for regaining architecture consistency in eroded software systems exists…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Christoph Knieke , Andreas Rausch , Mirco Schindler

Software systems are not static, they have to undergo frequent changes to stay fit for purpose, and in the process of doing so, their complexity increases. It has been observed that this process often leads to the erosion of the systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-18 David Baum , Jens Dietrich , Craig Anslow , Richard Müller

Identifying security issues early is encouraged to reduce the latent negative impacts on software systems. Code review is a widely-used method that allows developers to manually inspect modified code, catching security issues during a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Wachiraphan Charoenwet , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Van-Thuan Pham , Christoph Treude

Architectural degradation, also known as erosion, decay, or aging, impacts system quality, maintainability, and adaptability. Although widely acknowledged, current literature shows fragmented definitions, metrics, and remediation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Noman Ahmad , Ruoyu Su , Matteo Esposito , Andrea Janes , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Taibi

Code review is a mature practice for software quality assurance in software development with which reviewers check the code that has been committed by developers, and verify the quality of code. During the code review discussions, reviewers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Liming Fu , Peng Liang , Beiqi Zhang

To avoid software vulnerabilities, organizations are shifting security to earlier stages of the software development, such as at code review time. In this paper, we aim to understand the developers' perspective on assessing software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Larissa Braz , Alberto Bacchelli

Code Review plays a crucial role in software quality, by allowing reviewers to discuss and critique any new patches before they can be successfully integrated into the project code. Yet, it is unsure the extent to which coding pattern…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Panyawut Sri-iesaranusorn , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Takashi Ishio

Modern code review is a widely used technique employed in both industrial and open-source projects to improve software quality, share knowledge, and ensure adherence to coding standards and guidelines. During code review, developers may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Eman Abdullah AlOmar , Moataz Chouchen , Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer , Ali Ouni

Code samples play a pivotal role in open-source ecosystems (OSSECO), serving as lightweight artifacts that support knowledge transfer, onboarding, and framework adoption. Despite their instructional relevance, these samples are often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Arthur Bueno , Bruno Cafeo , Maria Cagnin , Awdren Fontão

Code review is a common practice in software development and often conducted before code changes are merged into the code repository. A number of approaches for automatically recommending appropriate reviewers have been proposed to match…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Paris Avgeriou
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