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The price of electricity is far more volatile than that of other commodities normally noted for extreme volatility. Demand and supply are balanced on a knife-edge because electric power cannot be economically stored, end user demand is…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Rafal Weron

Energy demand prediction is critical for grid operators, industrial energy consumers, and service providers. Energy demand is influenced by multiple factors, including weather conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Chutian Ma , Grigorii Pomazkin , Giacinto Paolo Saggese , Paul Smith

Price-based demand response (PBDR) has recently been attributed great economic but also environmental potential. However, the determination of its short-term effects on carbon emissions requires the knowledge of marginal emission factors…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-11 Markus Fleschutz , Markus Bohlayer , Marco Braun , Gregor Henze , Michael D. Murphy

The increasing transmission capacity needs in a future energy system raise the question how associated costs should be allocated to the users of a strengthened power grid. In contrast to straightforward oversimplified methods, a flow…

Measures of tail dependence between random variables aim to numerically quantify the degree of association between their extreme realizations. Existing tail dependence coefficients (TDCs) are based on an asymptotic analysis of relevant…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-11 Davide Lauria , Svetlozar T. Rachev , A. Alexandre Trindade

The increasing penetration of variable renewable energy and flexible demand technologies, such as electric vehicles and heat pumps, introduces significant uncertainty in power systems, resulting in greater imbalance; defined as the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-08 Timothée Hornek , Sergio Potenciano Menci , Ivan Pavić

In an electric power system, demand fluctuations may result in significant ancillary cost to suppliers. Furthermore, in the near future, deep penetration of volatile renewable electricity generation is expected to exacerbate the variability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-07-13 John N. Tsitsiklis , Yunjian Xu

Interconnecting price zones and remote renewable energy sources has emerged as a key solution to achieving climate goals. The objective of this work is to present a formulation that extends the base optimal power flow model with price zones…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Bernardo Castro Valerio , Vinícius Albernaz Lacerda , Marc Cheah-Mañe , Pieter Gebraad , Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt

Variable renewable energy droughts, so called Dunkelflaute events, emerge as a challenge for climate-neutral energy systems based on variable renewables. Here we characterize European drought events for on- and offshore wind power, solar…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Martin Kittel , Wolf-Peter Schill

Locational Marginal Price (LMP) is a dual variable associated with supply-demand matching and represents the cost of delivering power to a particular location if the load at that location increases. In recent times it become more volatile…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-07 Shantanu Chakraborty , Remco Verzijlbergh , Milos Cvetkovic , Kyri Baker , Zofia Lukszo

As humanity accelerates its shift to renewable energy generation, people who are not experts in renewable energy are learning about energy technologies and the energy market, which are complex. The answers to some questions will be obvious…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-20 Steven P. Reinhardt

Vine copulas are a type of multivariate dependence model, composed of a collection of bivariate copulas that are combined according to a specific underlying graphical structure. Their flexibility and practicality in moderate and high…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Emma S. Simpson , Jennifer L. Wadsworth , Jonathan A. Tawn

The ambitious energy target to achieve climate-neutrality in the European Union (EU) energy system raises the feasibility question of using only renewables across all energy sectors. As one of the EU's leading industrialized countries,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-09 Md Nasimul Islam Maruf

In recent years, probabilistic forecasting is an emerging topic, which is why there is a growing need of suitable methods for the evaluation of multivariate predictions. We analyze the sensitivity of the most common scoring rules,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-17 Florian Ziel , Kevin Berk

The energy market, and specifically the renewable sector carries volatility and risks, similar to the financial market. Here, we leverage on a well-established, return-risk approach, commonly used by equity portfolio-managers and apply it…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-07 Haim Grebel , Divya Vikas , Jim Shi

This paper investigates the role of a transmission system operator within a carbon footprint reduction strategy incorporating carbon taxes and renewable energy generation subsidies in the decentralised energy market. This is achieved via an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Nikita Belyak , Steven A. Gabriel , Nikolay Khabarov , Fabricio Oliveira

The paper proposes a framework for modeling and analysis of the dynamics of supply, demand, and clearing prices in power system with real-time retail pricing and information asymmetry. Real-time retail pricing is characterized by passing on…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2011-06-08 Mardavij Roozbehani , Munther A Dahleh , Sanjoy K Mitter

Modeling power market dynamics is increasingly challenging, as both spatial and temporal imbalances of demand and supply are becoming more pronounced with higher shares of variable renewable energy (VRE). Therefore, a high-resolution…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-28 Ramiz Qussous , Thomas Künzel , Anke Weidlich

To achieve ambitious greenhouse gas emission reduction targets in time, the planning of future energy systems needs to accommodate societal preferences, e.g. low levels of acceptance for transmission expansion or onshore wind turbines, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-30 Fabian Neumann , Tom Brown

Renewable energy resources are widely available, yet they are unevenly distributed globally. In a renewable future, countries lacking high-quality renewable resources may choose to import energy from other countries. To assess the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-03-15 Xiaoming Kan , Lina Reichenberg , Fredrik Hedenus , David Daniels