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The success of Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on the ability to learn robust representations from the observations of the environment. In most cases, the representations learned purely by the reinforcement learning loss can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Somjit Nath , Rushiv Arora , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Advances in reinforcement learning have led to its successful application in complex tasks with continuous state and action spaces. Despite these advances in practice, most theoretical work pertains to finite state and action spaces. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Saket Tiwari , Omer Gottesman , George Konidaris

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms suffer severe performance degradation when the interaction data is scarce, which limits their real-world application. Recently, visual representation learning has been shown to be effective and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Yang Yue , Bingyi Kang , Zhongwen Xu , Gao Huang , Shuicheng Yan

Predictive state representations (PSRs) offer an expressive framework for modelling partially observable systems. By compactly representing systems as functions of observable quantities, the PSR learning approach avoids using local-minima…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-22 William L. Hamilton , Mahdi Milani Fard , Joelle Pineau

Successful applications of reinforcement learning in real-world problems often require dealing with partially observable states. It is in general very challenging to construct and infer hidden states as they often depend on the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Xiujun Li , Lihong Li , Jianfeng Gao , Xiaodong He , Jianshu Chen , Li Deng , Ji He

For safely applying reinforcement learning algorithms on high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems, a simplified system model is used to formulate a safe reinforcement learning framework. Based on the simplified system model, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Zhehua Zhou , Ozgur S. Oguz , Marion Leibold , Martin Buss

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is one of the most powerful tools for synthesizing complex robotic behaviors. But training DRL models is incredibly compute and memory intensive, requiring large training datasets and replay buffers to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Lev Grossman , Brian Plancher

Choosing an appropriate representation of the environment for the underlying decision-making process of the reinforcement learning agent is not always straightforward. The state representation should be inclusive enough to allow the agent…

Abstraction is crucial for effective sequential decision making in domains with large state spaces. In this work, we propose an information bottleneck method for learning approximate bisimulations, a type of state abstraction. We use a deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Ondrej Biza , Robert Platt , Jan-Willem van de Meent , Lawson L. S. Wong

Not having access to compact and meaningful representations is known to significantly increase the complexity of reinforcement learning (RL). For this reason, it can be useful to perform state representation learning (SRL) before tackling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Astrid Merckling , Nicolas Perrin-Gilbert , Alex Coninx , Stéphane Doncieux

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated success in solving complex sequential decision-making problems by integrating neural networks with the RL framework. However, training deep RL models poses several challenges, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sooraj Sathish , Keshav Goyal , Raghuram Bharadwaj Diddigi

While reinforcement learning has achieved considerable successes in recent years, state-of-the-art models are often still limited by the size of state and action spaces. Model-free reinforcement learning approaches use some form of state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Paul J. Pritz , Liang Ma , Kin K. Leung

Current end-to-end deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches require jointly learning perception, decision-making and low-level control from very sparse reward signals and high-dimensional inputs, with little capability of incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Vibhavari Dasagi , Robert Lee , Serena Mou , Jake Bruce , Niko Sünderhauf , Jürgen Leitner

Scaling end-to-end reinforcement learning to control real robots from vision presents a series of challenges, in particular in terms of sample efficiency. Against end-to-end learning, state representation learning can help learn a compact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Antonin Raffin , Ashley Hill , René Traoré , Timothée Lesort , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , David Filliat

In Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL), it is a challenge to learn representations that do not exhibit catastrophic forgetting or interference in non-stationary environments. Successor Features (SFs) offer a potential solution to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Raymond Chua , Arna Ghosh , Christos Kaplanis , Blake A. Richards , Doina Precup

Many reinforcement learning (RL) tasks provide the agent with high-dimensional observations that can be simplified into low-dimensional continuous states. To formalize this process, we introduce the concept of a DeepMDP, a parameterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Carles Gelada , Saurabh Kumar , Jacob Buckman , Ofir Nachum , Marc G. Bellemare

When transferring a Deep Reinforcement Learning model from simulation to the real world, the performance could be unsatisfactory since the simulation cannot imitate the real world well in many circumstances. This results in a long period of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Wenxing Liu , Hanlin Niu , Robert Skilton , Joaquin Carrasco

A key approach to state abstraction is approximating behavioral metrics (notably, bisimulation metrics) in the observation space and embedding these learned distances in the representation space. While promising for robustness to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ziyan Luo , Tianwei Ni , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Doina Precup , Xujie Si

Current deep reinforcement learning (RL) approaches incorporate minimal prior knowledge about the environment, limiting computational and sample efficiency. \textit{Objects} provide a succinct and causal description of the world, and many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 William Agnew , Pedro Domingos

Learning the manifold structure of remote sensing images is of paramount relevance for modeling and understanding processes, as well as to encapsulate the high dimensionality in a reduced set of informative features for subsequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Gulsen Taskin , Gustau Camps-Valls