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We numerically analyze the feasibility of a platform-neutral, general strategy to perform quantum simulations of fermionic lattice field theories under open boundary conditions. The digital quantum simulator requires solely one- and…

Quantum simulations of electronic structure and strongly correlated quantum phases are widely regarded as among the most promising applications of quantum computing. These computations naturally benefit from native fermionic encodings,…

While quantum simulators promise to explore quantum many-body physics beyond classical computation, their capabilities are limited by the available native interactions in the hardware. On many platforms, accessible Hamiltonians are largely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Or Katz , Alexander Schuckert , Tianyi Wang , Eleanor Crane , Alexey V. Gorshkov , Marko Cetina

We present a general strategy for mapping fermionic systems to quantum hardware with square qubit connectivity which yields low-depth quantum circuits, counted in the number of native two-qubit fSIM gates. We achieve this by leveraging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Manuel G. Algaba , P. V. Sriluckshmy , Martin Leib , Fedor Šimkovic

Interacting fermions on a lattice can develop strong quantum correlations, which lie at the heart of the classical intractability of many exotic phases of matter. Seminal efforts are underway in the control of artificial quantum systems,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-08-16 T. Hensgens , T. Fujita , L. Janssen , Xiao Li , C. J. Van Diepen , C. Reichl , W. Wegscheider , S. Das Sarma , L. M. K. Vandersypen

Strongly correlated quantum systems give rise to many exotic physical phenomena, including high-temperature superconductivity. Simulating these systems on quantum computers may avoid the prohibitively high computational cost incurred in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-19 Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Ryan Babbush , Dave Bacon , Joseph C. Bardin , Rami Barends , Andreas Bengtsson , Sergio Boixo , Michael Broughton , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Yu Chen , Zijun Chen , Yu-An Chen , Ben Chiaro , Roberto Collins , Stephen J. Cotton , William Courtney , Sean Demura , Alan Derk , Andrew Dunsworth , Daniel Eppens , Thomas Eckl , Catherine Erickson , Edward Farhi , Austin Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Craig Gidney , Marissa Giustina , Rob Graff , Jonathan A. Gross , Steve Habegger , Matthew P. Harrigan , Alan Ho , Sabrina Hong , Trent Huang , William Huggins , Lev B. Ioffe , Sergei V. Isakov , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Cody Jones , Dvir Kafri , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Julian Kelly , Seon Kim , Paul V. Klimov , Alexander N. Korotkov , Fedor Kostritsa , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Mike Lindmark , Erik Lucero , Michael Marthaler , Orion Martin , John M. Martinis , Anika Marusczyk , Sam McArdle , Jarrod R. McClean , Trevor McCourt , Matt McEwen , Anthony Megrant , Carlos Mejuto-Zaera , Xiao Mi , Masoud Mohseni , Wojciech Mruczkiewicz , Josh Mutus , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Hartmut Neven , Michael Newman , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Thomas E. O'Brien , Eric Ostby , Bálint Pató , Andre Petukhov , Harald Putterman , Chris Quintana , Jan-Michael Reiner , Pedram Roushan , Nicholas C. Rubin , Daniel Sank , Kevin J. Satzinger , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Doug Strain , Kevin J. Sung , Peter Schmitteckert , Marco Szalay , Norm M. Tubman , Amit Vainsencher , Theodore White , Nicolas Vogt , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Adam Zalcman , Sebastian Zanker

Quantum simulation and computing traditionally has been based on two main paradigms, namely, digital and analog. In the digital paradigm, usually single and two-qubit gates (where qubit is an acronym for quantum bit) are employed as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Lucas Lamata

The utility of solving the Fermi-Hubbard model has been estimated in the billions of dollars. Digital quantum computers can in principle address this task, but have so far been limited to quasi one-dimensional models. This is because of…

Near-term quantum simulators are mostly based on qubit-based architectures. However, their imperfect nature significantly limits their practical application. The situation is even worse for simulating fermionic systems, which underlie most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Qingyu Li , Chiranjib Mukhopadhyay , Abolfazl Bayat

To investigate gauge theories with near-term quantum computers warrants exploration of nontraditional quantum simulators to find resource-efficient simulation protocols and ultimately access exotic features of different field theories,…

We investigate the simulation of fermionic systems on a quantum computer. We show in detail how quantum computers avoid the dynamical sign problem present in classical simulations of these systems, therefore reducing a problem believed to…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-02-05 G. Ortiz , J. E. Gubernatis , E. Knill , R. Laflamme

Simulating fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom, relevant for a range of quantum field theories, represents a promising application for quantum simulators. Mapping fermions to qubits is challenging in $2+1$ and higher spacetime…

The mapping of fermionic states onto qubit states, as well as the mapping of fermionic Hamiltonian into quantum gates enables us to simulate electronic systems with a quantum computer. Benefiting the understanding of many-body systems in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-12 Mark Steudtner , Stephanie Wehner

Simulating the real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories, underlying the Standard Model of particle physics, is a notoriously difficult problem where quantum simulators can provide a practical advantage over classical approaches. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Torsten V. Zache , Daniel González-Cuadra , Peter Zoller

Simulating many-body fermionic systems in conventional qubit-based quantum computers poses significant challenges due to the overheads associated with the encoding of fermionic statistics in qubits, leading to the proposal of native…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Ahana Ghoshal , Carlos de Gois , Kiara Hansenne , Otfried Gühne , Hai-Chau Nguyen

The Jordan-Wigner transformation maps a one-dimensional spin-1/2 system onto a fermionic model without spin degree of freedom. A double chain of quantum bits with XX and ZZ couplings of neighboring qubits along and between the chains,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-09 Jan-Michael Reiner , Michael Marthaler , Jochen Braumüller , Martin Weides , Gerd Schön

Parity-time ($PT$)-symmetric Hamiltonians exhibit non-unitary dynamical evolution while maintaining real spectra, and offer unique approaches to quantum sensing and entanglement generation. Here we present a method for simulating the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Maryam Abbasi , Koray Aydogan , Anthony W. Schlimgen , Kade Head-Marsden

The simulation of quantum many-body systems, relevant for quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics, is one of the most promising applications of near-term quantum computers before fault-tolerance. However, since the vast majority of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Arash Jafarizadeh , Frank Pollmann , Adam Gammon-Smith

We explore the feasibility of gate-based hybrid quantum computing using both discrete (qubit) and continuous (qumode) variables on trapped-ion platforms. Trapped-ion systems have demonstrated record one- and two-qubit gate fidelities and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Jack Y. Araz , Matt Grau , Jake Montgomery , Felix Ringer

The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm was proposed as a heuristic method for solving combinatorial optimisation problems on near-term quantum computers and may be among the first algorithms to perform useful computations in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-10 David Headley , Thorge Müller , Ana Martin , Enrique Solano , Mikel Sanz , Frank K. Wilhelm