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Transformer models have redefined sequence learning, yet dot-product self-attention introduces a quadratic token-mixing bottleneck for long-context time-series. We introduce the \textbf{Phasor Transformer} block, a phase-native alternative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Dibakar Sigdel

We present a conformal prediction method for time series using the Transformer architecture to capture long-memory and long-range dependencies. Specifically, we use the Transformer decoder as a conditional quantile estimator to predict the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Junghwan Lee , Chen Xu , Yao Xie

We describe an efficient hierarchical method to compute attention in the Transformer architecture. The proposed attention mechanism exploits a matrix structure similar to the Hierarchical Matrix (H-Matrix) developed by the numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhenhai Zhu , Radu Soricut

Transformers for time series forecasting mainly model time series from limited or fixed scales, making it challenging to capture different characteristics spanning various scales. We propose Pathformer, a multi-scale Transformer with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Peng Chen , Yingying Zhang , Yunyao Cheng , Yang Shu , Yihang Wang , Qingsong Wen , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo

Transformers in their common form are inherently limited to operate on whole token sequences rather than on one token at a time. Consequently, their use during online inference on time-series data entails considerable redundancy due to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Lukas Hedegaard , Arian Bakhtiarnia , Alexandros Iosifidis

While many production-ready and robust algorithms are available for the task of recommendation systems, many of these systems do not take the order of user's consumption into account. The order of consumption can be very useful and matters…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Mehdi Soleiman Nejad , Meysam Varasteh , Hadi Moradi , Mohammad Amin Sadeghi

The high-resolution time series classification problem is essential due to the increasing availability of detailed temporal data in various domains. To tackle this challenge effectively, it is imperative that the state-of-the-art attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Aosong Feng , Jialin Chen , Juan Garza , Brooklyn Berry , Francisco Salazar , Yifeng Gao , Rex Ying , Leandros Tassiulas

Transformer-based time series forecasting has recently gained strong interest due to the ability of transformers to model sequential data. Most of the state-of-the-art architectures exploit either temporal or inter-channel dependencies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Davide Villaboni , Alberto Castellini , Ivan Luciano Danesi , Alessandro Farinelli

Time series forecasting requires capturing patterns across multiple temporal scales while maintaining computational efficiency. This paper introduces AWGformer, a novel architecture that integrates adaptive wavelet decomposition with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Wei Li

This paper introduces a high-order Markov chain task to investigate how transformers learn to integrate information from multiple past positions with varying statistical significance. We demonstrate that transformers learn this task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Oğuz Kaan Yüksel , Rodrigo Alvarez Lucendo , Nicolas Flammarion

Time series forecasting is a critical task in domains such as energy, finance, and meteorology, where accurate long-term predictions are essential. While Transformer-based models have shown promise in capturing temporal dependencies, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zhenkai Qin , Baozhong Wei , Caifeng Gao , Jianyuan Ni

We study the capabilities of the transformer architecture with varying depth. Specifically, we designed a novel set of sequence learning tasks to systematically evaluate and comprehend how the depth of transformer affects its ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Xingwu Chen , Difan Zou

Multivariate time series classification is a crucial task in data mining, attracting growing research interest due to its broad applications. While many existing methods focus on discovering discriminative patterns in time series,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Wenjie Xi , Rundong Zuo , Alejandro Alvarez , Jie Zhang , Byron Choi , Jessica Lin

Transformer-based models have recently become dominant in Long-term Time Series Forecasting (LTSF), yet the variations in their architecture, such as encoder-only, encoder-decoder, and decoder-only designs, raise a crucial question: What…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Lefei Shen , Mouxiang Chen , Han Fu , Xiaoxue Ren , Xiaoyun Joy Wang , Jianling Sun , Zhuo Li , Chenghao Liu

Time series forecasting is widely used in the fields of equipment life cycle forecasting, weather forecasting, traffic flow forecasting, and other fields. Recently, some scholars have tried to apply Transformer to time series forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Benhan Li , Shengdong Du , Tianrui Li

While convolutional neural networks have shown a tremendous impact on various computer vision tasks, they generally demonstrate limitations in explicitly modeling long-range dependencies due to the intrinsic locality of the convolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Guanglei Yang , Hao Tang , Mingli Ding , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

Transformers have emerged as a powerful tool for a broad range of natural language processing tasks. A key component that drives the impressive performance of Transformers is the self-attention mechanism that encodes the influence or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Yunyang Xiong , Zhanpeng Zeng , Rudrasis Chakraborty , Mingxing Tan , Glenn Fung , Yin Li , Vikas Singh

Modeling long-term dependencies for audio signals is a particularly challenging problem, as even small-time scales yield on the order of a hundred thousand samples. With the recent advent of Transformers, neural architectures became good at…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Prateek Verma

Remarkable advancements have been made recently in point cloud analysis through the exploration of transformer architecture, but it remains challenging to effectively learn local and global structures within point clouds. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Haibo Qiu , Baosheng Yu , Dacheng Tao

Transformer models have achieved remarkable results in a wide range of applications. However, their scalability is hampered by the quadratic time and memory complexity of the self-attention mechanism concerning the sequence length. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yury Nahshan , Joseph Kampeas , Emir Haleva