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Trading fidelity for scale enables approximate classical simulators such as matrix product states (MPS) to run quantum circuits beyond exact methods. A control parameter, the so-called bond dimension $\chi$ for MPS, governs the allocated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-03 Maxime Dupont , Nicolas Didier , Mark J. Hodson , Joel E. Moore , Matthew J. Reagor

Quantum systems have entered a competitive regime where classical computers must make approximations to represent highly entangled quantum states. However, in this beyond-classically-exact regime, fidelity comparisons between quantum and…

Quantum samplers are believed capable of sampling efficiently from distributions that are classically hard to sample from. We consider a sampler inspired by the classical Ising model. It is nonadaptive and therefore experimentally amenable.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-17 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Animesh Datta

An arbitrarily reliable quantum computer can be efficiently constructed from noisy components using a recursive simulation procedure, provided that those components fail with probability less than the fault-tolerance threshold. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-03 K. M. Svore , A. W. Cross , I. L. Chuang , A. V. Aho

A recently introduced classical simulation method for universal quantum computation with magic states operates by repeated sampling from probability functions [M. Zurel et al. PRL 260404 (2020)]. This method is closely related to sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Michael Zurel , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf

This note introduces "Q-marginals", which are quantum states encoding some probability distribution in a manner suitable for use in Quantum Monte Carlo Integration (QMCI), and shows that these can be prepared directly from a classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 Steven Herbert

Although near-term quantum computing devices are still limited by the quantity and quality of qubits in the so-called NISQ era, quantum computational advantage has been experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, hybrid architectures of quantum…

A recent quantum simulation of observables of the kicked Ising model on 127 qubits implemented circuits that exceed the capabilities of exact classical simulation. We show that several approximate classical methods, based on sparse Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Tomislav Begušić , Johnnie Gray , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

We introduce a single-number metric, quantum volume, that can be measured using a concrete protocol on near-term quantum computers of modest size ($n\lesssim 50$), and measure it on several state-of-the-art transmon devices, finding values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 Andrew W. Cross , Lev S. Bishop , Sarah Sheldon , Paul D. Nation , Jay M. Gambetta

The vast and complicated large-qubit state space forbids us to comprehensively capture the dynamics of modern quantum computers via classical simulations or quantum tomography. Recent progress in quantum learning theory prompts a crucial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

In a recent work a quantum error mitigation protocol was applied to the expectation values obtained from circuits on the IBM Eagle quantum processor with up $127$ - qubits with up to $60 \; - \; \mbox{CNOT}$ layers. To benchmark the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-03 Sajant Anand , Kristan Temme , Abhinav Kandala , Michael Zaletel

Undesired coupling to the surrounding environment destroys long-range correlations on quantum processors and hinders the coherent evolution in the nominally available computational space. This incoherent noise is an outstanding challenge to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 A. Morvan , B. Villalonga , X. Mi , S. Mandrà , A. Bengtsson , P. V. Klimov , Z. Chen , S. Hong , C. Erickson , I. K. Drozdov , J. Chau , G. Laun , R. Movassagh , A. Asfaw , L. T. A. N. Brandão , R. Peralta , D. Abanin , R. Acharya , R. Allen , T. I. Andersen , K. Anderson , M. Ansmann , F. Arute , K. Arya , J. Atalaya , J. C. Bardin , A. Bilmes , G. Bortoli , A. Bourassa , J. Bovaird , L. Brill , M. Broughton , B. B. Buckley , D. A. Buell , T. Burger , B. Burkett , N. Bushnell , J. Campero , H. S. Chang , B. Chiaro , D. Chik , C. Chou , J. Cogan , R. Collins , P. Conner , W. Courtney , A. L. Crook , B. Curtin , D. M. Debroy , A. Del Toro Barba , S. Demura , A. Di Paolo , A. Dunsworth , L. Faoro , E. Farhi , R. Fatemi , V. S. Ferreira , L. Flores Burgos , E. Forati , A. G. Fowler , B. Foxen , G. Garcia , E. Genois , W. Giang , C. Gidney , D. Gilboa , M. Giustina , R. Gosula , A. Grajales Dau , J. A. Gross , S. Habegger , M. C. Hamilton , M. Hansen , M. P. Harrigan , S. D. Harrington , P. Heu , M. R. Hoffmann , T. Huang , A. Huff , W. J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , S. V. Isakov , J. Iveland , E. Jeffrey , Z. Jiang , C. Jones , P. Juhas , D. Kafri , T. Khattar , M. Khezri , M. Kieferová , S. Kim , A. Kitaev , A. R. Klots , A. N. Korotkov , F. Kostritsa , J. M. Kreikebaum , D. Landhuis , P. Laptev , K. -M. Lau , L. Laws , J. Lee , K. W. Lee , Y. D. Lensky , B. J. Lester , A. T. Lill , W. Liu , W. P. Livingston , A. Locharla , F. D. Malone , O. Martin , S. Martin , J. R. McClean , M. McEwen , K. C. Miao , A. Mieszala , S. Montazeri , W. Mruczkiewicz , O. Naaman , M. Neeley , C. Neill , A. Nersisyan , M. Newman , J. H. Ng , A. Nguyen , M. Nguyen , M. Yuezhen Niu , T. E. O'Brien , S. Omonije , A. Opremcak , A. Petukhov , R. Potter , L. P. Pryadko , C. Quintana , D. M. Rhodes , E. Rosenberg , C. Rocque , P. Roushan , N. C. Rubin , N. Saei , D. Sank , K. Sankaragomathi , K. J. Satzinger , H. F. Schurkus , C. Schuster , M. J. Shearn , A. Shorter , N. Shutty , V. Shvarts , V. Sivak , J. Skruzny , W. C. Smith , R. D. Somma , G. Sterling , D. Strain , M. Szalay , D. Thor , A. Torres , G. Vidal , C. Vollgraff Heidweiller , T. White , B. W. K. Woo , C. Xing , Z. J. Yao , P. Yeh , J. Yoo , G. Young , A. Zalcman , Y. Zhang , N. Zhu , N. Zobrist , E. G. Rieffel , R. Biswas , R. Babbush , D. Bacon , J. Hilton , E. Lucero , H. Neven , A. Megrant , J. Kelly , I. Aleiner , V. Smelyanskiy , K. Kechedzhi , Y. Chen , S. Boixo

High-fidelity quantum gates are crucial for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing; however, decoherence significantly reduces gate fidelities during long operation times. Although optimal control techniques can theoretically minimize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Niril George , Joseph L. Allen , Robert Kosut , Eran Ginossar

The efficient and effective construction of portfolios that adhere to real-world constraints is a challenging optimization task in finance. We investigate a concrete representation of the problem with a focus on design proposals of an…

In this paper, we introduce a classical algorithm for random sampling of permutations, drawing inspiration from the Steinhaus-Johnson-Trotter algorithm. Our approach takes a comprehensive view of permutation sampling by expressing them as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Bibhas Adhikari

In the Quantum Supremacy regime, quantum computers may overcome classical machines on several tasks if we can estimate, mitigate, or correct unavoidable hardware noise. Estimating the error requires classical simulations, which become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Nicolo Colombo

We report the preparation and verification of a genuine 12-qubit entanglement in a superconducting processor. The processor that we designed and fabricated has qubits lying on a 1D chain with relaxation times ranging from 29.6 to 54.6…

Channel simulation algorithms can efficiently encode random samples from a prescribed target distribution $Q$ and find applications in machine learning-based lossy data compression. However, algorithms that encode exact samples usually have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Gergely Flamich , Lennie Wells

Recent advances in quantum hardware motivate the development of algorithmic frameworks that integrate quantum sampling with classical inference. This work introduces a segmentation-based regression method tailored to quantum neural networks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 James C. Hateley

Translating a general quantum circuit on a specific hardware topology with a reduced set of available gates, also known as transpilation, comes with a substantial increase in the length of the equivalent circuit. Due to decoherence, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Bodo Rosenhahn , Tobias J. Osborne , Christoph Hirche