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Recent studies have demonstrated that deep learning models can discriminate based on protected classes like race and gender. In this work, we evaluate bias present in deepfake datasets and detection models across protected subgroups. Using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Loc Trinh , Yan Liu

In recent times, there have been increasing accusations on artificial intelligence systems and algorithms of computer vision of possessing implicit biases. Even though these conversations are more prevalent now and systems are improving by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Sharadha Srinivasan , Madan Musuvathi

Scientific fields that are interested in faces have developed their own sets of concepts and procedures for understanding how a target model system (be it a person or algorithm) perceives a face under varying conditions. In computer vision,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Brandon RichardWebster , So Yon Kwon , Christopher Clarizio , Samuel E. Anthony , Walter J. Scheirer

Facial analysis systems have been deployed by large companies and critiqued by scholars and activists for the past decade. Many existing algorithmic audits examine the performance of these systems on later stage elements of facial analysis…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Samuel Dooley , George Z. Wei , Tom Goldstein , John P. Dickerson

Face detection is a long-standing challenge in the field of computer vision, with the ultimate goal being to accurately localize human faces in an unconstrained environment. There are significant technical hurdles in making these systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Necdet Gurkan , Jordan W. Suchow

Published research highlights the presence of demographic bias in automated facial attribute classification algorithms, particularly impacting women and individuals with darker skin tones. Existing bias mitigation techniques typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Ayesha Manzoor , Ajita Rattani

Facial recognition technology (FRT) is increasingly used in criminal investigations, yet most evaluations of its accuracy rely on high-quality images, unlike those often encountered by law enforcement. This study examines how five common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Maria Cuellar , Hon Kiu , To , Arush Mehrotra

The fairness of biometric systems, in particular facial recognition, is often analysed for larger demographic groups, e.g. female vs. male or black vs. white. In contrast to this, minority groups are commonly ignored. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Christian Rathgeb , Mathias Ibsen , Denise Hartmann , Simon Hradetzky , Berglind Ólafsdóttir

Automated computer vision systems have been applied in many domains including security, law enforcement, and personal devices, but recent reports suggest that these systems may produce biased results, discriminating against people in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Jungseock Joo , Kimmo Kärkkäinen

Face recognition approaches often rely on equal image resolution for verifying faces on two images. However, in practical applications, those image resolutions are usually not in the same range due to different image capture mechanisms or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Martin Knoche , Stefan Hörmann , Gerhard Rigoll

The issue of demographic disparities in face recognition accuracy has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Various face image datasets have been proposed as 'fair' or 'balanced' to assess the accuracy of face recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Haiyu Wu , Kevin W. Bowyer

Biases inherent in both data and algorithms make the fairness of widespread machine learning (ML)-based decision-making systems less than optimal. To improve the trustfulness of such ML decision systems, it is crucial to be aware of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Biying Fu , Naser Damer

Automated Face Recognition Systems (FRSs), developed using deep learning models, are deployed worldwide for identity verification and facial attribute analysis. The performance of these models is determined by a complex interdependence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Siddharth D Jaiswal , Sagnik Basu , Sandipan Sikdar , Animesh Mukherjee

Published academic research and media articles suggest face recognition is biased across demographics. Specifically, unequal performance is obtained for women, dark-skinned people, and older adults. However, these published studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Anoop Krishnan , Brian Neas , Ajita Rattani

Face recognition (FR) systems continue to spread in our daily lives with an increasing demand for higher explainability and interpretability of FR systems that are mainly based on deep learning. While bias across demographic groups in FR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Marco Huber , Meiling Fang , Fadi Boutros , Naser Damer

Facial recognition has become a widely used method for authentication and identification, with applications for secure access and locating missing persons. Its success is largely attributed to deep learning, which leverages large datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Pedro Vidal , Bernardo Biesseck , Luiz E. L. Coelho , Roger Granada , David Menotti

Face recognition algorithms have demonstrated very high recognition performance, suggesting suitability for real world applications. Despite the enhanced accuracies, robustness of these algorithms against attacks and bias has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Richa Singh , Akshay Agarwal , Maneet Singh , Shruti Nagpal , Mayank Vatsa

Existing facial analysis systems have been shown to yield biased results against certain demographic subgroups. Due to its impact on society, it has become imperative to ensure that these systems do not discriminate based on gender,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Richa Singh , Puspita Majumdar , Surbhi Mittal , Mayank Vatsa

The perceptual representations supporting our ability to recognize faces remain a computational mystery. Deep neural networks offer mechanistic hypotheses for human face perception, but theoretically distinct models often make…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-14 Wenxuan Guo , Heiko H. Schütt , Kamila Maria Jozwik , Katherine R. Storrs , Nikolaus Kriegeskorte , Tal Golan

Face recognition (FR) systems have a growing effect on critical decision-making processes. Recent works have shown that FR solutions show strong performance differences based on the user's demographics. However, to enable a trustworthy FR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Philipp Terhörst , Jan Niklas Kolf , Marco Huber , Florian Kirchbuchner , Naser Damer , Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez , Arjan Kuijper