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In this paper, we investigate a series of W-type differential operators, which appear naturally in the symmetry algebras of KP and BKP hierarchies. In particular, they include all operators in the W-constraints for tau functions of higher…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-02-17 Xiaobo Liu , Chenglang Yang

For an arbitrary solution to the KdV hierarchy, the generating series of logarithmic derivatives of the tau-function of the solution can be expressed by the basic matrix resolvent via algebraic manipulations. Based on this we develop in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Boris Dubrovin , Di Yang , Don Zagier

The Brezin-Gross-Witten (BGW) model is one of the basic examples in the class of non-eigenvalue unitary matrix models. The generalized BGW tau-function $\tau_N$ was constructed from a one parametric deformation of the original BGW model…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Gehao Wang

We define a tau function for a generic Riemann-Hilbert problem posed on a union of non-intersecting smooth closed curves with jump matrices analytic in their neighborhood. The tau function depends on parameters of the jumps and is expressed…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 M. Cafasso , P. Gavrylenko , O. Lisovyy

We propose a method for computing any Gelfand-Dickey tau function living in Segal-Wilson Grassmannian as the asymptotics of block Toeplitz determinant associated to a certain class of symbols. Also truncated block Toeplitz determinants…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-06-06 Mattia Cafasso

For an arbitrary solution to the Burgers--KdV hierarchy, we define the tau-tuple $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$ of the solution. We show that the product $\tau_1\tau_2$ admits Buryak's residue formula. Therefore, according to Alexandrov's theorem,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Di Yang , Chunhui Zhou

We introduce a useful and rather simple classes of BKP tau functions which which we shall shall call "easy tau functions". We consider the "large BKP hiearchy" related to $O(2\infty +1)$ which was introduced in \cite{KvdLbispec} (which is…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2016-12-02 A. Orlov , T. Shiota , K. Takasaki

A $q$-analogue of the tau function of the modified KP hierarchy is defined by a change of independent variables. This tau function satisfies a system of bilinear $q$-difference equations. These bilinear equations are translated to the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-10 Kanehisa Takasaki

We study the BKP hierarchy and its $n$--reduction, for the case that $n$ is odd. This is related to the principal realization of the basic module of the twisted affine Lie algebra $\hat{sl}_n^{(2)}$. We show that the following two…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Johan Van De Leur

The CKP hierarchy is one important sub-hierarchy of the KP hierarchy, which is quite special due to its tau function. Here we construct the tau functions for the constrained CKP hierarchy…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-05-19 Danqi Chen , Jipeng Cheng , Shen Wang

In this paper, we prove a conjecture of Alexandrov that the generalized Brezin-Gross-Witten tau-functions are hypergeometric tau functions of BKP hierarchy after re-scaling. In particular, this shows that the original BGW tau-function,…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-07-20 Xiaobo Liu , Chenglang Yang

We provide a determinantal formula for tau-functions of the KP hierarchy in terms of rectangular, constant matrices $A$, $B$ and $C$ satisfying a rank one condition. This result is shown to generalize and unify many previous results of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Gekhtman , Alex Kasman

The Hodge tau-function is a generating function for the linear Hodge integrals. It is also a tau-function of the KP hierarchy. In this paper, we first present the Virasoro constraints for the Hodge tau-function in the explicit form of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-12 Shuai Guo , Gehao Wang

We introduce a single tau function that represents the CKP hierarchy into a generalized Hirota "bilinear" equation. The actions on the tau function by additional symmetries for the hierarchy are calculated, which involve strictly more than…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-11 Liang Chang , Chao-Zhong Wu

It is well known that tau functions of the KP hierarchy satisfy addition formulas. We consider the general addition formula in the determinant form and take a certain limit of it. It expresses certain shifts of a tau function in terms of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2025-12-09 Atsushi Nakayashiki

For a simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ and an irreducible faithful representation $\pi$ of $\mathfrak{g}$, we introduce the Schur polynomials of $(\mathfrak{g},\pi)$-type. We then derive the Sato-Zhou type formula for tau functions of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Mattia Cafasso , Ann du Crest de Villeneuve , Di Yang

Using the determinant representation of gauge transformation operator, we have shown that the general form of $\tau$ function of the $q$-KP hierarchy is a q-deformed generalized Wronskian, which includes the q-deformed Wronskian as a…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-04-24 Jingsong He , Yinghua Li , Yi Cheng

We derive a formula for the connected $n$-point functions of a tau-function of the BKP hierarchy in terms of its affine coordinates. This is a BKP-analogue of a formula for KP tau-functions proved by Zhou in [arXiv:1507.01679]. Moreover, we…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-07-06 Zhiyuan Wang , Chenglang Yang

In this paper, we consider the higher Br\'ezin--Gross--Witten tau-functions, given by the matrix integrals. For these tau-functions we construct the canonical Kac--Schwarz operators, quantum spectral curves, and $W^{(3)}$-constraints. For…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Alexander Alexandrov , Saswati Dhara

The Brezin-Gross-Witten tau function is a tau function of the KdV hierarchy which arises in the weak coupling phase of the Brezin-Gross-Witten model. It falls within the family of generalized Kontsevich matrix integrals, and its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-04-06 Marco Bertola , Giulio Ruzza
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