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We derive quantitative error bounds for deep neural networks (DNNs) approximating option prices on a $d$-dimensional risky asset as functions of the underlying model parameters, payoff parameters and initial conditions. We cover a general…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-27 Francesca Biagini , Lukas Gonon , Niklas Walter

In this work, we address the question whether a sufficiently deep quantum neural network can approximate a target function as accurate as possible. We start with simple but typical physical situations that the target functions are physical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-09-01 Yadong Wu , Juan Yao , Pengfei Zhang , Hui Zhai

The remarkable successes of neural networks in a huge variety of inverse problems have fueled their adoption in disciplines ranging from medical imaging to seismic analysis over the past decade. However, the high dimensionality of such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-11 Santhosh Karnik , Rongrong Wang , Mark Iwen

Deep learning algorithms demonstrate a surprising ability to learn high-dimensional tasks from limited examples. This is commonly attributed to the depth of neural networks, enabling them to build a hierarchy of abstract, low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Francesco Cagnetta , Leonardo Petrini , Umberto M. Tomasini , Alessandro Favero , Matthieu Wyart

Despite the success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in numerous computer vision tasks and their extraordinary generalization performances, several attempts to predict the generalization errors of CNNs have only been limited to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Vamshi C. Madala , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , Jason Bunk

During the last decade, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated impressive performances solving a wide range of problems in various domains such as medicine, finance, law, etc. Despite their great performances, they have long been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Jiechieu Kameni Florentin Flambeau , Tsopze Norbert

This paper introduces a hypothesis space for deep learning based on deep neural networks (DNNs). By treating a DNN as a function of two variables - the input variable and the parameter variable - we consider the set of DNNs where the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-15 Rui Wang , Yuesheng Xu , Mingsong Yan

It is a challenging topic in applied mathematics to solve high-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Standard approximation methods for nonlinear PDEs suffer under the curse of dimensionality (COD) in the sense that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Julia Ackermann , Arnulf Jentzen , Benno Kuckuck , Joshua Lee Padgett

Universal approximation theorems provide a mathematical explanation for the expressive power of neural networks. They assert that, under mild conditions on the activation function, feedforward neural networks are dense in broad function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Himasish Talukdar

This paper studies the approximation capacity of neural networks with an arbitrary activation function and with norm constraint on the weights. Upper and lower bounds on the approximation error of these networks are computed for smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Francesco Paolo Maiale , Anastasiia Trofimova , Arturo De Marinis

In the past decade, deep neural networks (DNNs) came to the fore as the leading machine learning algorithms for a variety of tasks. Their raise was founded on market needs and engineering craftsmanship, the latter based more on trial and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Omry Cohen , Or Malka , Zohar Ringel

Several recent works have shown separation results between deep neural networks, and hypothesis classes with inferior approximation capacity such as shallow networks or kernel classes. On the other hand, the fact that deep networks can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Eran Malach , Gilad Yehudai , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Ohad Shamir

The purpose of the present paper is to study the computation complexity of deep ReLU neural networks to approximate functions in H\"older-Nikol'skii spaces of mixed smoothness $H_\infty^\alpha(\mathbb{I}^d)$ on the unit cube…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Dinh Dũng , Van Kien Nguyen , Mai Xuan Thao

In comparison to classical shallow representation learning techniques, deep neural networks have achieved superior performance in nearly every application benchmark. But despite their clear empirical advantages, it is still not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Calvin Murdock , George Cazenavette , Simon Lucey

We present polynomial-augmented neural networks (PANNs), a novel machine learning architecture that combines deep neural networks (DNNs) with a polynomial approximant. PANNs combine the strengths of DNNs (flexibility and efficiency in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Madison Cooley , Shandian Zhe , Robert M. Kirby , Varun Shankar

We study approximation and statistical learning properties of deep ReLU networks under structural assumptions that mitigate the curse of dimensionality. We prove minimax-optimal uniform approximation rates for $s$-H\"older smooth functions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Thomas Nagler , Sophie Langer

This paper studies the universal approximation property of deep neural networks for representing probability distributions. Given a target distribution $\pi$ and a source distribution $p_z$ both defined on $\mathbb{R}^d$, we prove under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Yulong Lu , Jianfeng Lu

Deep learning has exhibited remarkable results across diverse areas. To understand its success, substantial research has been directed towards its theoretical foundations. Nevertheless, the majority of these studies examine how well deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-11 Hao Liu , Jiahui Cheng , Wenjing Liao

Deep neural networks are powerful learning models that achieve state-of-the-art performance on many computer vision, speech, and language processing tasks. In this paper, we study a fundamental question that arises when designing deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-24 Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Nina Narodytska , Hongxia Jin

We prove Carl's type inequalities for the error of approximation of compact sets K by deep and shallow neural networks. This in turn gives lower bounds on how well we can approximate the functions in K when requiring the approximants to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-06 Guergana Petrova , Przemysław Wojtaszczyk
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