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Numerical hydrodynamics calculations are performed to determine conditions under which giant planet eccentricities can be excited by parent gas disks. Unlike in other studies, Jupiter-mass planets are found to have their eccentricities…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-21 Paul C. Duffell , Eugene Chiang

Planets can carve gaps in the surface density of protoplanetary discs. The formation of these gaps can reduce the corotation torques acting on the planets. In addition, gaps can halt the accretion of solids onto the planets as dust and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 F. J. Sanchez-Salcedo , R. O. Chametla , O. Chrenko

Nearly-axisymmetric gaps and rings are commonly observed in protoplanetary discs. The leading theory regarding the origin of these patterns is that they are due to dust trapping at the edges of gas gaps induced by the gravitational torques…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-25 Linn E. J. Eriksson , Anders Johansen , Beibei Liu

This paper identifies constraints on the growth of a small planetary core (0.3 M$_{\oplus}$) that accretes millimeter-sized pebbles from a gaseous disk. We construct time-dependent spherical envelope models that capture physical processes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-08 Mohamad Ali-Dib , Christopher Thompson

Observations of the population of cold Jupiter planets ($r>$1 AU) show that nearly all of these planets orbit their host star on eccentric orbits. For planets up to a few Jupiter masses, eccentric orbits are thought to be the outcome of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Bertram Bitsch , Trifon Trifonov , Andre Izidoro

Context. The classical "planetesimal" accretion scenario for the formation of planets has recently evolved with the idea that "pebbles", centimeter- to meter-sized icy grains migrating in protoplanetary disks, can control planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Shigeru Ida , Tristan Guillot , Alessandro Morbidelli

Pebble accretion has become a popular component to core accretion models of planet formation, and is especially relevant to the formation of compact, resonant terrestrial planetary systems. Pebbles initially form in the inner protoplanetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-06 Duncan H Forgan

Axisymmetric dust rings containing tens to hundreds of Earth masses of solids have been observed in protoplanetary discs with (sub-)millimetre imaging. Here, we investigate the growth of a planetary embryo in a massive (150M$_\oplus$)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-06 Daniel P. Cummins , James E. Owen , Richard A. Booth

We investigate the impact of a highly eccentric 10 $M_{\rm \oplus}$ (where $M_{\rm \oplus}$ is the Earth mass) planet embedded in a dusty protoplanetary disk on the dust dynamics and its observational implications. By carrying out…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Ya-Ping Li , Hui Li , Shengtai Li , Douglas N. C. Lin

Much recent work on planet formation has focused on the growth of planets by accretion of grains whose aerodynamic properties make them marginally coupled to the nebular gas, a theory commonly referred to as "pebble accretion". While pebble…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-21 M. M. Rosenthal , R. A. Murray-Clay

A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk opens a gap by tidal interaction, and properties of the gap strongly depend on the planetary mass and disk parameters. Many numerical simulations of this process have been conducted, but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-02 Yuki A. Tanaka , Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa , Hidekazu Tanaka , Takayuki Tanigawa

The migration of planets plays an important role in the early planet-formation process. An important problem has been that standard migration theories predict very rapid inward migration, which poses problems for population synthesis…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-09 Bertram Bitsch , Willy Kley

The inner-most regions of circumbinary discs are unstable to a parametric instability whose non-linear evolution is hydrodynamical turbulence. This results in significant particle stirring, impacting on planetary growth processes such as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Arnaud Pierens , Richard P. Nelson , Colin P. McNally

With hundreds of exoplanets detected, it is necessary to revisit giant planets accretion models to explain their mass distribution. In particular, formation of sub-jovian planets remains unclear, given the short timescale for the runaway…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Guillaume Rivier , Aurélien Crida , Alessandro Morbidelli , Yann Brouet

We develop a pebble-driven model to study the formation and evolution of planets around stars in the mass range of 0.08 and 1 solar mass. The growth and migration of a large number of individual protoplanetary embryos are simulated in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 Beibei Liu , Michiel Lambrechts , Anders Johansen , Fan Liu

In the general classical picture of pebble-based core growth, planetary cores grow by accretion of single pebble species. The growing planet may reach the so-called pebble isolation mass, at which it induces a pressure bump that blocks…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-07 Geoffrey Andama , Nelson Ndugu , Simon Katrini Anguma , Edward Jurua

Planetary migration is a major challenge for planet formation theories. The speed of Type I migration is proportional to the mass of a protoplanet, while the final decade of growth of a pebble-accreting planetary core takes place at a rate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-27 Anders Johansen , Shigeru Ida , Ramon Brasser

Discs in binaries have a complex behavior because of the perturbations of the companion star. Planet formation in binary-star systems both depend on the companion star parameters and on the properties of the circumstellar disc. An eccentric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 F. Marzari , C. Baruteau , H. Scholl , P. Thebault

We investigate the interaction between an eccentric planet and a less massive external debris disc. This scenario could occur after planet-planet scattering or merging events. We characterise the evolution over a wide range of initial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Tim D. Pearce , Mark C. Wyatt

The formation of planets depends on the underlying protoplanetary disc structure, which influences both the accretion and migration rates of embedded planets. The disc itself evolves on time-scales of several Myr during which both…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Bertram Bitsch , Michiel Lambrechts , Anders Johansen