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We extend the theoretical framework of proof mining by establishing general logical metatheorems that allow for the extraction of the computational content of theorems with prima facie "non-computational" proofs from probability theory,…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Morenikeji Neri , Nicholas Pischke

The field of property testing of probability distributions, or distribution testing, aims to provide fast and (most likely) correct answers to questions pertaining to specific aspects of very large datasets. In this work, we consider a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-27 Clément L. Canonne

The coalgebraic modelling of alternating automata and of probabilistic automata has long been obstructed by the absence of distributive laws of the powerset monad over itself, respectively of the powerset monad over the finite distribution…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Alexandre Goy , Daniela Petrisan

We exhibit a functor from the category OUS of order unit spaces and positive, unit-preserving mappings into the category $\Prob$ of probabilistic models (test spaces with designated state spaces) and morphisms thereof. Restricted to any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 John Harding , Alex Wilce

Behavioural metrics provide a quantitative refinement of classical two-valued behavioural equivalences on systems with quantitative data, such as metric or probabilistic transition systems. In analogy to the linear-time/branching-time…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jonas Forster , Lutz Schröder , Paul Wild , Harsh Beohar , Sebastian Gurke , Barbara König , Karla Messing

We consider marginal log-linear models for parameterizing distributions on multidimensional contingency tables. These models generalize ordinary log-linear and multivariate logistic models, besides several others. First, we obtain some…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-25 S. Ghosh , P. Vellaisamy

Decomposable models and Bayesian networks can be defined as sequences of oligo-dimensional probability measures connected with operators of composition. The preliminary results suggest that the probabilistic models allowing for effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Radim Jirousek

This paper derives a formula for computing the conditional probability of a set of candidates, where a candidate is a set of disorders that explain a given set of positive findings. Such candidate sets are produced by a recent method for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Thomas D. Wu

In this paper I consider all possible properties from commutative algebra for polynomial composites and monoid domains. The aim is full characterization of these structures. I start with the examination of group, ring, modules properties,…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2020-06-29 Lukasz Matysiak

This paper concerns a stochastic construction of probabilistic coherent spaces by employing novel ingredients (i) linear exponential comonads arising properly in the measure-theory (ii) continuous orthogonality between measures and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Masahiro Hamano

It is a classical result that the category of finitely-generated free monoids serves as a PROP for commutative bialgebras. Attaching permutations to fix the order of multiplication, we construct an extension of this category that is…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Jorge Becerra

The paper introduces the concept of a cluster structure to define a joint distribution of the sample size and its exchangeable random partitions. The cluster structure allows the probability distribution of the random partitions of a subset…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-10-08 Mingyuan Zhou

Bimetric MOND (BIMOND) is used as a platform for variable-$G$ theories that have MOND-specific idiosyncrasies. E.g., MOND premises dictate return to standard dynamics in the high-acceleration limit, predicting the standard value of $G$ for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Mordehai Milgrom

A growing body of research on probabilistic programs and causal models has highlighted the need to reason compositionally about model classes that extend directed graphical models. Both probabilistic programs and causal models define a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Eli Sennesh , Jan-Willem van de Meent

We obtain an equivalent implicit characterization of $L^p$ Banach spaces that is amenable to a logical treatment. Using that, we obtain an axiomatization for such spaces into a higher-order logical system, the kind of which is used in proof…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Andrei Sipos

When a relational database is queried, the result is normally a relation. Some queries, however, only require a yes/no answer; such queries are often called boolean queries. It is customary in database theory to express boolean queries by…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Dimitri Surinx , Jan Van den Bussche

We survey the theory of Hopf monads on monoidal categories, and present new examples and applications. As applications, we utilise this machinery to present a new theory of cross products, as well as analogues of the Fundamental Theorem of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Aryan Ghobadi

We define a probabilistic programming language for Gaussian random variables with a first-class exact conditioning construct. We give operational, denotational and equational semantics for this language, establishing convenient properties…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Dario Stein , Sam Staton

A new method is developed to represent probabilistic relations on multiple random events. Where previously knowledge bases containing probabilistic rules were used for this purpose, here a probability distribution over the relations is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Manfred Jaeger

Flexible random scale-mixture models provide a framework for capturing a broad range of extremal dependence structures. However, likelihood-based inference under the peaks-over-threshold setting is often computationally infeasible, due to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-10 Muyang Shi , Likun Zhang , Benjamin A. Shaby