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A background model describes a scene without any foreground objects and has a number of applications, ranging from video surveillance to computational photography. Recent studies have introduced the method of Dynamic Mode Decomposition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Santosh Tirunagari , Norman Poh , Miroslaw Bober , David Windridge

This paper introduces the method of dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) for robustly separating video frames into background (low-rank) and foreground (sparse) components in real-time. The method is a novel application of a technique used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Jacob Grosek , J. Nathan Kutz

We introduce the method of compressed dynamic mode decomposition (cDMD) for background modeling. The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a regression technique that integrates two of the leading data analysis methods in use today: Fourier…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-13 N. Benjamin Erichson , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

This paper introduces a fast algorithm for randomized computation of a low-rank Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) of a matrix. Here we consider this matrix to represent the development of a spatial grid through time e.g. data from a static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-12 N. Benjamin Erichson , Carl Donovan

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a numerical method that seeks to fit timeseries data to a linear dynamical system. In doing so, DMD decomposes dynamic data into spatially coherent modes that evolve in time according to exponential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Marco Mignacca , Simone Brugiapaglia , Jason J. Bramburger

We demonstrate that the integration of the recently developed dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) with a multi-resolution analysis allows for a decomposition method capable of robustly separating complex systems into a hierarchy of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-02 J. Nathan Kutz , Xing Fu , Steven L. Brunton

Moving target detection is a challenging computer vision task aimed at generating accurate segmentation maps in diverse in-the-wild color videos captured by static cameras. If backgrounds and targets can be simultaneously extracted and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Liyang Wang , Shiqian Wu , Shun Fang , Qile Zhu , Jiaxin Wu , Sos Again

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven decomposition technique extracting spatio-temporal patterns of time-dependent phenomena. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive theoretical analysis of various variants of DMD. We provide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Tim Krake , Daniel Weiskopf , Bernhard Eberhardt

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a recently developed tool for the analysis of the behavior of complex dynamical systems. In this paper, we will propose an extension of DMD that exploits low-rank tensor decompositions of potentially…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-08-14 Stefan Klus , Patrick Gelß , Sebastian Peitz , Christof Schütte

In this paper, we propose a depth-aided color image inpainting method in the quaternion domain, called depth-aided low-rank quaternion matrix completion (D-LRQMC). In conventional quaternion-based inpainting techniques, the color image is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-24 Shunki Tatsumi , Ryo Hayakawa , Youji Iiguni

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) provides a practical means of extracting insightful dynamical information from fluids datasets. Like any data processing technique, DMD's usefulness is limited by its ability to extract real and accurate…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-03-23 Scott T. M. Dawson , Maziar S. Hemati , Matthew O. Williams , Clarence W. Rowley

The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven approach that extracts the dominant features from spatiotemporal data. In this work, we introduce sparse-mode DMD, a new variant of the optimized DMD framework that specifically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-29 Sara M. Ichinaga , Steven L. Brunton , Aleksandr Y. Aravkin , J. Nathan Kutz

For many years, channels of a color image have been processed individually, or the image has been converted to grayscale one with respect to color image processing. Pure quaternion representation of color images solves this issue as it…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Alireza Parchami , Mojtaba Mahdavi

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven and model-free decomposition technique. It is suitable for revealing spatio-temporal features of both numerically and experimentally acquired data. Conceptually, DMD performs a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-18 Tim Krake , Stefan Reinhardt , Marcel Hlawatsch , Bernhard Eberhardt , Daniel Weiskopf

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven modal decomposition technique that extracts coherent spatio-temporal structures from high-dimensional time-series data. By decomposing the dynamics into a set of modes, each associated with…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-05 Yutaro Tanaka , Hiroya Nakao

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a powerful data-driven technique for construction of reduced-order models of complex dynamical systems. Multiple numerical tests have demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of DMD, but mostly for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Hannah Lu , Daniel M. Tartakovsky

The Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD)---a popular method for performing data-driven Koopman spectral analysis---has gained increased adoption as a technique for extracting dynamically meaningful spatio-temporal descriptions of fluid flows…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-07-13 Maziar S. Hemati , Clarence W. Rowley , Eric A. Deem , Louis N. Cattafesta

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) has become a powerful data-driven method for analyzing the spatiotemporal dynamics of complex, high-dimensional systems. However, conventional DMD methods are limited to matrix-based formulations, which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Ziqin He , Mengqi Hu , Yifei Lou , Can Chen

The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a broadly applicable dimensionality reduction algorithm that approximates a matrix containing time-series data by the outer product of a matrix of exponentials, representing Fourier-like time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-07 Travis Askham , Peng Zheng , Aleksandr Aravkin , J. Nathan Kutz

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven modeling tool that generates a model from spatio-temporal data. The data needs to be as clean as possible for DMD to come up with a faithful model. We review a few data-filtering methods to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-04 Moajjem H. Chowdhury , Nazmul Islam Shuzan , Mohammad N. Murshed , Sanwar Alam , M. Monir Uddin , Zarin Subah
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