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First-order optimization methods, such as SGD and Adam, are widely used for training large-scale deep neural networks due to their computational efficiency and robust performance. However, relying solely on gradient information, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yue Hu , Zanxia Cao , Yingchao Liu

Owing to their connection with generative adversarial networks (GANs), saddle-point problems have recently attracted considerable interest in machine learning and beyond. By necessity, most theoretical guarantees revolve around…

We propose an unconstrained optimization method based on the well-known primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm. We first formulate the optimality condition of the unconstrained optimization problem as a saddle point problem. We then…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-29 X. Zuo , S. Osher , W. Li

Gradient-related first-order methods have become the workhorse of large-scale numerical optimization problems. Many of these problems involve nonconvex objective functions with multiple saddle points, which necessitates an understanding of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Rishabh Dixit , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Waheed U. Bajwa

Randomly initialized first-order optimization algorithms are the method of choice for solving many high-dimensional nonconvex problems in machine learning, yet general theoretical guarantees cannot rule out convergence to critical points of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Dar Gilboa , Sam Buchanan , John Wright

This paper develops a unified distributed method for solving two classes of constrained networked optimization problems, i.e., optimal consensus problem and resource allocation problem with non-identical set constraints. We first transform…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-17 Yi Huang , Ziyang Meng , Jian Sun , Wei Ren

Many problems in machine learning and game theory can be formulated as saddle-point problems, for which various first-order methods have been developed and proven efficient in practice. Under the general convex-concave assumption, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yuan Gao , Christian Kroer , Donald Goldfarb

Recent years have seen a growing interest in understanding acceleration methods through the lens of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Despite the theoretical advancements, translating the rapid convergence observed in continuous-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-05 Zhonglin Xie , Wotao Yin , Zaiwen Wen

Gradient-based optimization algorithms can be studied from the perspective of limiting ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Motivated by the fact that existing ODEs do not distinguish between two fundamentally different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Bin Shi , Simon S. Du , Michael I. Jordan , Weijie J. Su

Smooth minimax optimization problems play a central role in a wide range of applications, including machine learning, game theory, and operations research. However, existing algorithmic frameworks vary significantly depending on the problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Taoli Zheng , Anthony Man-Cho So , Jiajin Li

We study gradient-based optimization methods obtained by direct Runge-Kutta discretization of the ordinary differential equation (ODE) describing the movement of a heavy-ball under constant friction coefficient. When the function is high…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-30 Jingzhao Zhang , Suvrit Sra , Ali Jadbabaie

In this article, we study the convergence of Mirror Descent (MD) and Optimistic Mirror Descent (OMD) for saddle point problems satisfying the notion of coherence as proposed in Mertikopoulos et al. We prove convergence of OMD with exact…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Yanting Ma , Shuchin Aeron , Hassan Mansour

Zeroth-order optimization is the process of minimizing an objective $f(x)$, given oracle access to evaluations at adaptively chosen inputs $x$. In this paper, we present two simple yet powerful GradientLess Descent (GLD) algorithms that do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Daniel Golovin , John Karro , Greg Kochanski , Chansoo Lee , Xingyou Song , Qiuyi Zhang

Self-play via online learning is one of the premier ways to solve large-scale two-player zero-sum games, both in theory and practice. Particularly popular algorithms include optimistic multiplicative weights update (OMWU) and optimistic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yang Cai , Gabriele Farina , Julien Grand-Clément , Christian Kroer , Chung-Wei Lee , Haipeng Luo , Weiqiang Zheng

Averaging scheme has attracted extensive attention in deep learning as well as traditional machine learning. It achieves theoretically optimal convergence and also improves the empirical model performance. However, there is still a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wei Tao , Wei Li , Zhisong Pan , Qing Tao

We study first-order optimization methods obtained by discretizing ordinary differential equations (ODEs) corresponding to Nesterov's accelerated gradient methods (NAGs) and Polyak's heavy-ball method. We consider three discretization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Bin Shi , Simon S. Du , Weijie J. Su , Michael I. Jordan

In this paper, we study last-iterate convergence of learning algorithms in bilinear saddle-point problems, a preferable notion of convergence that captures the day-to-day behavior of learning dynamics. We focus on the challenging setting…

We introduce the Optimizing a Discrete Loss (ODIL) framework for the numerical solution of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) using machine learning tools. The framework formulates numerical methods as a minimization of discrete residuals…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Petr Karnakov , Sergey Litvinov , Petros Koumoutsakos

The optimization problems associated with training generative adversarial neural networks can be largely reduced to certain {\em non-monotone} variational inequality problems (VIPs), whereas existing convergence results are mostly based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Chaobing Song , Zhengyuan Zhou , Yichao Zhou , Yong Jiang , Yi Ma

Online gradient descent (OGD) is well known to be doubly optimal under strong convexity or monotonicity assumptions: (1) in the single-agent setting, it achieves an optimal regret of $\Theta(\log T)$ for strongly convex cost functions; and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Michael I. Jordan , Tianyi Lin , Zhengyuan Zhou