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The demand for structured light with a reconfigurable spatial and polarization distribution has been increasing across a wide range of fundamental and advanced photonics applications, including microscopy, imaging, sensing, communications,…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-22 Wu Zhou , Zengqi Chen , Kaihang Lu , Hao Chen , Mingyuan Zhang , Wenzhang Tian , Yeyu Tong

In recent years, free space optical (FSO) communication has gained significant importance owing to its unique features: large bandwidth, license free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power and low mass…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Hemani Kaushal , Georges Kaddoum

A novel transmission protocol is conceived for a multi-user, multi-relay, multiple-input--multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (MIMO-OFDMA) cellular network based on joint transmit and receive beamforming. More…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Kent Tsz Kan Cheung , Shaoshi Yang , Lajos Hanzo

The explosive growth of global data traffic demands scalable and energy-efficient optical communication systems. Spatial division multiplexing (SDM) using multicore or multimode fibers is a promising solution to overcome the capacity limit…

The implementation of efficient free-space channels is fundamental for both classical and quantum Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication. This can be challenging for fibre-coupled receivers, due to the time variant inhomogeneity of the…

We demonstrated combined free-space optics (FSO) and D-band(110-170GHz) millimeter(mm-wave) transceiver enabled by precisely locked lasers with low phase noise. Combined capacity and tolerance to angle misalignment are studied using 100Gb/s…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-01 Zichuan Zhou , Amany Kassem , Zun Htay , Izzat Darwazeh , Zhixin Liu

We propose a novel space division multiplexing (SDM) technique based on spatial phase encoding, which may provide a new perspective beyond the conventional SDM in free space optical communications, such as multiplexing of orbital angular…

Optics · Physics 2013-08-30 Zhou Hai-long , Dong Jian-ji , Shi Lei , Huang De-xiu , Zhang Xin-Liang

Terrestrial free-space optical (FSO) communication systems, while designed to operate on large unlicensed optical bandwidths, are fundamentally power-constrained due to stringent eye-safety regulations. Moreover, channel fluctuations…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Himani Verma , Kamal Singh , Ranjan K. Mallik

Free space optics (FSO) is a promising solution for the need to very high data rate point-to point communication. FSO communication technology became popular due to its large bandwidth potential, unlicensed spectrum, excellent security and…

Optics · Physics 2012-03-15 Bobby Barua , Tanzia Afrin Haque , Md. Rezwan Islam

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology to avoid signal blockage by creating virtual line-of-sight (LOS) connectivity for free-space optical (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) wireless systems. This paper considers a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Vinay Kumar Chapala , S. M. Zafaruddin

The rapid development of IoT technology has led to a shortage of spectrum resources and energy, giving rise to simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technology. However, traditional multiple input multiple output…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Yixuan Guo , Mingliang Xiong , Wen Fang , Qingwei Jiang , Qingwen Liu , Gang Yan

Flexible intelligent metasurface (FIM) has recently received considerable interest due to its advantage in realizing a better channel condition by dynamically morphing its surface shape. An FIM consists of multiple elements deposited on a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Jinyue Jiang , Jiancheng An , Lu Gan , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Arumugam Nallanathan , Zhu Han

The proliferation of bandwidth-hungry applications and services forces datacenter (DC) administrators to optimize the utilization of available resources. Precisely, the network share of management traffic has grown significantly because DC…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Amer AlGhadhban

Spatiotemporal toroidal orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams are a developing class of spatiotemporal beams which have key applications within quantum physics, metrology, imaging and optical manipulation. However, the full realization of…

Accurate characterization of free-space optical (FSO) channels requires joint estimation of transmitter pointing errors, receiver angle-of-arrival (AoA) fluctuations, and turbulence-induced fading. However, existing literature addresses…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Meysam Ghanbari , Rula Ammuri , Mazen Hasna , Khalid Qaraqe

In this paper, we analyze the performance of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted multi-hop transmission by employing multiple RIS units to enable favorable communication for a mixed free-space optical (FSO) and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Vinay Kumar Chapala , S. M. Zafaruddin

Terrestrial free-space optical (FSO) links are an ideal candidate to extend the bandwidth continuum offered by fiber networks, yet at the expense of unfavorable cost credentials due to highly complex opto-mechanical setups. As a response to…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-24 Florian Honz , Bernhard Schrenk

Coherent free-space optical (FSO) communication is recognized as a key enabler for ultra-high-capacity fronthaul and backhaul links in next-generation wireless networks. Spectrally efficient $M$-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Himani Verma , Kamal Singh , Ranjan K. Mallik

Programmable optical devices provide performance enhancement and flexibility to spatial multiplexing systems enabling transmission of tributaries in high-order eigenmodes of spatially-diverse transmission media, like multimode fiber (MMF).…

In this paper, we present a method based on a modal decomposition to quantify the efficiency of photonic lanterns (PL) based free space optical (FSO) communication receivers. We fabricate a seven port PL and we evaluate numerically the free…