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Automated Rule Checking (ARC) plays a crucial role in advancing the construction industry by addressing the laborious, inconsistent, and error-prone nature of traditional model review conducted by industry professionals. Manual assessment…
Although Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC) has seen considerable development in recent years, its use is challenging, resulting in complex code which obscures whether the security properties or correctness guarantees hold in practice. For…
The advanced reasoning capabilities of Large Reasoning Models enable them to thoroughly understand and apply safety policies through deliberate thought processes, thereby improving the models' safety. Beyond safety, these models must also…
Manually checking models for compliance against building regulation is a time-consuming task for architects and construction engineers. There is thus a need for algorithms that process information from construction projects and report…
Testing is an essential tool to assure software, especially so in safety-critical applications. To quantify how thoroughly a software item has been tested, a test coverage metric is required. Maybe the strictest such metric known in the…
Islamic equity screening relies on multiple binary rulebooks that often classify the same firm differently. This paper develops a Continuous Shariah Compliance Index (CSCI) on $[0,1]$ that embeds the published business-activity and…
As large language models (LLMs) advance toward expert-level performance in engineering domains, reliable reasoning under user-specified constraints becomes critical. In circuit analysis, for example, a numerically correct solution is…
High-quality commit messages are critical for maintaining software projects, yet ensuring their consistency and informativeness remains a practical challenge. While the Conventional Commits Specification (CCS) provides a structured format…
Dependent types provide a lightweight and modular means to integrate programming and formal program verification. In particular, the types of programs written in dependently typed programming languages (Agda, Idris, F*, etc.) can be used to…
Inline assembly is still a common practice in low-level C programming, typically for efficiency reasons or for accessing specific hardware resources. Such embedded assembly codes in the GNU syntax (supported by major compilers such as GCC,…
Education in the practical applications of logic and proving such as the formal specification and verification of computer programs is substantially hampered by the fact that most time and effort that is invested in proving is actually…
RISC-V is gaining popularity for its adaptability and cost-effectiveness in processor design. With the increasing adoption of RISC-V, the importance of implementing robust security verification has grown significantly. In the state of the…
Rust, a popular systems-level programming language, has garnered widespread attention due to its features of achieving run-time efficiency and memory safety. With an increasing number of real-world projects adopting Rust, understanding how…
The task of assigning internationally accepted commodity codes (aka HS codes) to traded goods is a critical function of customs offices. Like court decisions made by judges, this task follows the doctrine of precedent and can be nontrivial…
ICD coding is the process of mapping unstructured text from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to standardised codes defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system. In order to promote trust and transparency, existing…
General definitions as well as rules of reasoning regarding control code production, distribution, deployment, and usage are described. The role of testing, trust, confidence and risk analysis is considered. A rationale for control code…
We propose MIRA, a new benchmark designed to evaluate models in scenarios where generating intermediate visual images is essential for successful reasoning. Unlike traditional CoT methods that rely solely on text, tasks in MIRA require…
The wide adoption of machine learning approaches in the industry, government, medicine and science has renewed the interest in interpretable machine learning: many decisions are too important to be delegated to black-box techniques such as…
Rust is a memory-safe programming language that disallows undefined behavior. Its safety guarantees have been extensively examined by the community through empirical studies, which has led to its remarkable success. However, unsafe code…
Current LLM-based conversational recommender systems (CRS) primarily optimize recommendation accuracy and user satisfaction. We identify an underexplored vulnerability in which recommendation outputs may negatively impact users by violating…