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We derive discontinuity relations, also known as cutting rules, and explore the analytic properties of cosmological correlators, fundamental observables of the primordial universe. Our emphasis is on how these relations arise from unitarity…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-25 Shibam Das , Debanjan Karan , Babli Khatun , Nilay Kundu

We compute all planar two-loop six-point Feynman integrals entering scattering observables in massless gauge theories such as QCD. A central result of this paper is the formulation of the differential-equations method under the algebraic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-31 Samuel Abreu , Pier Francesco Monni , Ben Page , Johann Usovitsch

Cosmological correlators are very important objects in cosmology as they offer us a huge amount of information of the early universe. They reside on the future boundary of a de Sitter space and can be calculated by two methods. First method…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-13 Nirmalya Brahma

We construct a scattering theory for harmonic one-forms on Riemann surfaces, obtained from boundary value problems through systems of curves and the jump problem. We obtain an explicit expression for the scattering matrix in terms of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Eric Schippers , Wolfgang Staubach

Extending scattering to states with unphysical mass values (particles ``off their mass shell'') has been instrumental in developing modern amplitude technology for Minkowski spacetime. Here, we study the off-shell correlators which underpin…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-10 Scott Melville , Guilherme L. Pimentel

We construct a scattering theory for harmonic one-forms on Riemann surfaces, obtained from boundary value problems involving systems of curves and the jump problem. We obtain an explicit expression for the scattering matrix in terms of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Eric Schippers , Wolfgang Staubach

We provide a new efficient diagrammatic tool, in the context of the scattering equations, for computation of covariant $D$-dimensional tree-level $n$-point amplitudes with pairs of spinning massive particles using compact exponential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-12 N. Emil J. Bjerrum-Bohr , Taro V. Brown , Humberto Gomez

We give a new formula for all tree-level correlators of boundary field insertions in gauged N=8 supergravity in AdS_4; this is an analog of the tree-level S-matrix in anti-de Sitter space. The formula is written in terms of rational maps…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-20 Tim Adamo

We investigate how loop-level propagators arise from tree level via a forward-limit procedure in two modern approaches to scattering amplitudes, namely the BCFW recursion relations and the scattering equations formalism. In the first part…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 Joseph A. Farrow , Yvonne Geyer , Arthur E. Lipstein , Ricardo Monteiro , Ricardo Stark-Muchão

We revisit the computation of four-point wavefunction coefficients and correlators for external conformally coupled scalars exchanging a particle of generic mass and spin. Much of the phenomenology of cosmological collider physics in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-29 Mattia Arundine , Guilherme L. Pimentel

We study scattering equations and formulas for tree amplitudes of various theories in four dimensions, in terms of spinor helicity variables and on-shell superspace for supersymmetric theories. As originally obtained in Witten's twistor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-15 Song He , Zhengwen Liu , Jun-Bao Wu

We discuss general one and two-loops banana diagrams with arbitrary masses on the de Sitter spacetime by using direct methods of dS quantum field theory in the dimensional regularization approach. In the one-loop case we also compute the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-21 Sergio L. Cacciatori , Henri Epstein , Ugo Moschella

Our understanding of quantum field theory rests largely on explicit and controlled calculations in perturbation theory. Because of this, much recent effort has been devoted to improve our grasp of perturbative techniques on cosmological…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-04-20 Aaron Hillman , Enrico Pajer

We extend the cosmological bootstrap to correlators involving massless particles with spin. In de Sitter space, these correlators are constrained both by symmetries and by locality. In particular, the de Sitter isometries become conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-29 Daniel Baumann , Carlos Duaso Pueyo , Austin Joyce , Hayden Lee , Guilherme L. Pimentel

Primordial perturbations in our universe are believed to have a quantum origin, and can be described by the wavefunction of the universe (or equivalently, cosmological correlators). It follows that these observables must carry the imprint…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-16 Scott Melville , Enrico Pajer

We introduce the theory of non-linear cosmological perturbations using the correspondence limit of the Schr\"odinger equation. The resulting formalism is equivalent to using the collisionless Boltzman (or Vlasov) equations which remain…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Istvan Szapudi , Nick Kaiser

The scattering equations are a set of algebraic equations connecting the kinematic space of massless particles and the moduli space of Riemann spheres with marked points. We present an efficient method for solving the scattering equations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-19 Zhengwen Liu , Xiaoran Zhao

We study mathematical aspects concerning two site tree-level cosmological correlators with massive internal and external states in a de Sitter universe. We employ integration by parts identities, (relative) twisted cohomology and the method…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-16 Federico Gasparotto , Pouria Mazloumi , Xiaofeng Xu

We show how one-loop corrections to scattering amplitudes of scalars and gauge bosons can be obtained from tree amplitudes in one higher dimension. Starting with a complete tree-level scattering amplitude of n+2 particles in five…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-24 Freddy Cachazo , Song He , Ellis Ye Yuan

In previous papers [1,2], it was proved that a covariant quantization of the minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space is achieved through addition of the negative norm states. This causal approach which eliminates the infrared…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Rouhani , M. V. Takook