Related papers: A Modeling Framework for Reliability of Erasure Co…
Practical storage systems often adopt erasure codes to tolerate device failures and sector failures, both of which are prevalent in the field. However, traditional erasure codes employ device-level redundancy to protect against sector…
This is a followup to the 1994 tutorial by Berkeley RAID researchers whose 1988 RAID paper foresaw a revolutionary change in storage industry based on advances in magnetic disk technology, i.e., replacement of large capacity expensive disks…
Solid-state drives (SSDs) have been widely deployed in desktops and data centers. However, SSDs suffer from bit errors, and the bit error rate is time dependent since it increases as an SSD wears down. Traditional storage systems mainly use…
Large-scale systems with all-flash arrays have become increasingly common in many computing segments. To make such systems resilient, we can adopt erasure coding such as Reed-Solomon (RS) code as an alternative to replication because…
Large disk arrays are organized into storage nodes -- SNs or bricks with their own cashed RAID controller for multiple disks. Erasure coding at SN level is attained via parity or Reed-Solomon codes. Hierarchical RAID -- HRAID -- provides an…
Large-scale systems with arrays of solid state disks (SSDs) have become increasingly common in many computing segments. To make such systems resilient, we can adopt erasure coding such as Reed-Solomon (RS) code as an alternative to…
Data redundancy techniques have been tested in several different applications to provide fault tolerance and performance gains. The use of these techniques is mostly seen at the hardware, device driver, or file system level. In practice,…
One of the most important parts of cloud computing is storage devices, and Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) systems are well known and frequently used storage devices. With the increasing production of data in cloud environments,…
In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis investigating the reliability of SSD-based I/O caching architectures used in enterprise storage systems under power failure and high-operating temperature. We explore variety of SSDs from…
MDS array codes are widely used in storage systems to protect data against erasures. We address the \emph{rebuilding ratio} problem, namely, in the case of erasures, what is the the fraction of the remaining information that needs to be…
SD codes are erasure codes that address the mixed failure mode of current RAID systems. Rather than dedicate entire disks to erasure coding, as done in RAID-5, RAID-6 and Reed-Solomon coding, an SD code dedicates entire disks, plus…
Erasure coding techniques are getting integrated in networked distributed storage systems as a way to provide fault-tolerance at the cost of less storage overhead than traditional replication. Redundancy is maintained over time through…
In this paper we address issues of reliability of RAID systems. We focus on "big data" systems with a large number of drives and advanced error correction schemes beyond \RAID{6}. Our RAID paradigm is based on Reed-Solomon codes, and thus…
MDS (maximum distance separable) array codes are widely used in storage systems due to their computationally efficient encoding and decoding procedures. An MDS code with r redundancy nodes can correct any r erasures by accessing (reading)…
This paper studies how RAID (redundant array of independent disks) could take full advantage of modern SSDs (solid-state drives) with built-in transparent compression. In current practice, RAID users are forced to choose a specific RAID…
MDS array codes are widely used in storage systems to protect data against erasures. We address the \emph{rebuilding ratio} problem, namely, in the case of erasures, what is the fraction of the remaining information that needs to be…
As storage systems grow in size, device failures happen more frequently than ever before. Given the commodity nature of hard drives employed, a storage system needs to tolerate a certain number of disk failures while maintaining data…
NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…
RAID proposal advocated replacing large disks with arrays of PC disks, but as the capacity of small disks increased 100-fold in 1990s the production of large disks was discontinued. Storage dependability is increased via replication or…
Archiving and systematic backup of large digital data generates a quick demand for multi-peta byte scale storage systems. As drive capacities continue to grow beyond the few terabytes range to address the demands of today's cloud, the…