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Related papers: Do Multi-Lingual Pre-trained Language Models Revea…

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Current large language models (LLMs) often exhibit imbalanced multilingual capabilities due to their English-centric training corpora. To address this, existing fine-tuning approaches operating at the data-level (e.g., through data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yangfan Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Zekun Yuan , Xiachong Feng , Libo Qin , Lei Huang , Weitao Ma , Yichong Huang , Zhirui Zhang , Yunfei Lu , Xiaohui Yan , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

Multi-task learning (MTL) benefits the fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) by providing a single model with improved performance and generalization ability across tasks, presenting a resource-efficient alternative to developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zi Gong , Hang Yu , Cong Liao , Bingchang Liu , Chaoyu Chen , Jianguo Li

Multi-token prediction (MTP) is a recently proposed pre-training objective for language models. Rather than predicting only the next token (NTP), MTP predicts the next $k$ tokens at each prediction step, using multiple prediction heads. MTP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ansar Aynetdinov , Alan Akbik

Standard evaluations of Large language models (LLMs) focus on task performance, offering limited insight into whether correct behavior reflects appropriate underlying mechanisms and risking confirmation bias. We introduce a simple,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zoë Prins , Samuele Punzo , Frank Wildenburg , Giovanni Cinà , Sandro Pezzelle

Machine Translation (MT) has been widely used for cross-lingual classification, either by translating the test set into English and running inference with a monolingual model (translate-test), or translating the training set into the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Mikel Artetxe , Vedanuj Goswami , Shruti Bhosale , Angela Fan , Luke Zettlemoyer

We investigate a surprising limitation of LLMs: their inability to consistently generate text in a user's desired language. We create the Language Confusion Benchmark (LCB) to evaluate such failures, covering 15 typologically diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Kelly Marchisio , Wei-Yin Ko , Alexandre Bérard , Théo Dehaze , Sebastian Ruder

The emergence of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has shown great success in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks including text classification. Due to the minimal to no feature engineering required when using these models, PLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Yasmen Wahba , Nazim Madhavji , John Steinbacher

Large language models (LLMs) are predominantly trained on English-centric data, resulting in uneven performance for smaller languages. We study whether continued pretraining (CPT) can substantially improve Estonian capabilities in a…

Recently published work on rephrasing natural text data for pre-training LLMs has shown promising results when combining the original dataset with the synthetically rephrased data. We build upon previous work by replicating existing results…

Deep learning-based approaches, particularly those leveraging pre-trained language models (PLMs), have shown promise in automated software vulnerability detection. However, existing methods are predominantly limited to specific programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Junji Yu , Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yasutaka Kamei , Junjie Chen

Variation in language is ubiquitous and often systematically linked to regional, social, and contextual factors. Tokenizers split texts into smaller units and might behave differently for less common linguistic forms. This might affect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Anna Wegmann , Dong Nguyen , David Jurgens

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly multilingual, yet open models continue to underperform relative to proprietary systems, with the gap most pronounced for African languages. Continued pre-training (CPT) offers a practical route…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Hao Yu , Tianyi Xu , Michael A. Hedderich , Wassim Hamidouche , Syed Waqas Zamir , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) refers to a model expanded from a Large Language Model (LLM) that possesses the capability to handle and infer multi-modal data. Current MLLMs typically begin by using LLMs to decompose tasks into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Yongqiang Zhao , Zhenyu Li , Feng Zhang , Xinhai Xu , Donghong Liu

Cross-lingual consistency should be considered to assess cross-lingual transferability, maintain the factuality of the model knowledge across languages, and preserve the parity of language model performance. We are thus interested in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xi Ai , Mahardika Krisna Ihsani , Min-Yen Kan

System prompts provide a lightweight yet powerful mechanism for conditioning large language models (LLMs) at inference time. While prior work has focused on English-only settings, real-world deployments benefit from having a single prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Lechen Zhang , Yusheng Zhou , Tolga Ergen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , David Jurgens

Human understanding of text depends on general semantic concepts of words rather than their superficial forms. To what extent does our human intuition transfer to language models? In this work, we study the degree to which current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Crystina Zhang , Jing Lu , Vinh Q. Tran , Tal Schuster , Donald Metzler , Jimmy Lin

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are expected to recall factual knowledge consistently across languages. However, the factors that give rise to such crosslingual consistency -- and its frequent failure -- remain poorly understood.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yihong Liu , Mingyang Wang , François Yvon , Hinrich Schütze

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized both general natural language processing and domain-specific applications such as code synthesis, legal reasoning, and finance. However, while prior studies have explored individual model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Gunjan Das , Paheli Bhattacharya , Rishabh Gupta

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as an effective solution for few-shot learning with large language models (LLMs). However, how LLMs leverage demonstrations to specify a task and learn a corresponding computational function through ICL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yu Bai , Heyan Huang , Cesare Spinoso-Di Piano , Marc-Antoine Rondeau , Sanxing Chen , Yang Gao , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung