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Deep learning models have gained increasing adoption in medical image analysis. However, these models often produce overconfident predictions, which can compromise clinical accuracy and reliability. Bridging the gap between high-performance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Jutika Borah , Hidam Kumarjit Singh

Deep neural networks have increasingly been used as an auxiliary tool in healthcare applications, due to their ability to improve performance of several diagnosis tasks. However, these methods are not widely adopted in clinical settings due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Ella Y. Wang , Anirudh Som , Ankita Shukla , Hongjun Choi , Pavan Turaga

Modern deep learning implementations for medical imaging usually rely on large labeled datasets. These datasets are often difficult to obtain due to privacy concerns, high costs, and even scarcity of cases. In this paper, a label-efficient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Heet Nitinkumar Dalsania

Detecting anomalies using deep learning has become a major challenge over the last years, and is becoming increasingly promising in several fields. The introduction of self-supervised learning has greatly helped many methods including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Loic Jezequel , Ngoc-Son Vu , Jean Beaudet , Aymeric Histace

Chest radiography is a widely used imaging modality for thoracic disease diagnosis, yet its conventional interpretation remains time-consuming and heavily dependent on expert knowledge. While deep learning has improved diagnostic efficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Duy Nguyen Huu , Duy Hoang Khuong , Ngu Huynh Cong Viet

Deep neural networks for image-based screening and computer-aided diagnosis have achieved expert-level performance on various medical imaging modalities, including chest radiographs. Recently, several works have indicated that these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Ričards Marcinkevičs , Ece Ozkan , Julia E. Vogt

The ability to predict lung and heart based diseases using deep learning techniques is central to many researchers, particularly in the medical field around the world. In this paper, we present a unique outlook of a very familiar problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Sairamvinay Vijayaraghavan , David Haddad , Shikun Huang , Seongwoo Choi

Chest X-Ray (CXR) is one of the most common diagnostic techniques used in everyday clinical practice all around the world. We hereby present a work which intends to investigate and analyse the use of Deep Learning (DL) techniques to extract…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Leonardo Crespi , Daniele Loiacono , Arturo Chiti

Multimodal deep learning utilizing imaging and diagnostic reports has made impressive progress in the field of medical imaging diagnostics, demonstrating a particularly strong capability for auxiliary diagnosis in cases where sufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hao Yang , Hong-Yu Zhou , Cheng Li , Weijian Huang , Jiarun Liu , Yong Liang , Guangming Shi , Hairong Zheng , Qiegen Liu , Shanshan Wang

Reliable automated analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging is crucial for diagnosing retinal disorders but faces a critical barrier: the need for expensive, labor-intensive expert annotations. Supervised deep learning models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Tania Haghighi , Sina Gholami , Hamed Tabkhi , Minhaj Nur Alam

Breast cancer is one of the leading fatal disease worldwide with high risk control if early discovered. Conventional method for breast screening is x-ray mammography, which is known to be challenging for early detection of cancer lesions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Essam A. Rashed , M. Samir Abou El Seoud

Unsupervised anomaly localization aims to identify anomalous regions that deviate from normal sample patterns. Most recent methods perform feature matching or reconstruction for the target sample with pre-trained deep neural networks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Katsuya Hotta , Chao Zhang , Yoshihiro Hagihara , Takuya Akashi

Vulnerability to adversarial attacks is a well-known weakness of Deep Neural Networks. While most of the studies focus on natural images with standardized benchmarks like ImageNet and CIFAR, little research has considered real world…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-19 Salah Ghamizi , Maxime Cordy , Michail Papadakis , Yves Le Traon

The research explores the utilization of a deep learning model employing an attention mechanism in medical text mining. It targets the challenge of analyzing unstructured text information within medical data. This research seeks to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Lingxi Xiao , Muqing Li , Yinqiu Feng , Meiqi Wang , Ziyi Zhu , Zexi Chen

Brain network analysis based on functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is pivotal for diagnosing brain disorders. Existing approaches typically rely on predefined functional sub-networks to construct sub-network associations. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jingfeng Tang , Peng Cao , Guangqi Wen , Jinzhu Yang , Xiaoli Liu , Osmar R. Zaiane

The Corona Virus (COVID-19) is an internationalpandemic that has quickly propagated throughout the world. The application of deep learning for image classification of chest X-ray images of Covid-19 patients, could become a novel…

Recently, chest X-ray report generation, which aims to automatically generate descriptions of given chest X-ray images, has received growing research interests. The key challenge of chest X-ray report generation is to accurately capture and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Fenglin Liu , Changchang Yin , Xian Wu , Shen Ge , Yuexian Zou , Ping Zhang , Yuexian Zou , Xu Sun

Overconfidence in deep learning models poses a significant risk in high-stakes medical imaging tasks, particularly in multi-label classification of chest X-rays, where multiple co-occurring pathologies must be detected simultaneously. This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Yehudit Aperstein , Amit Tzahar , Alon Gottlib , Tal Verber , Ravit Shagan Damti , Alexander Apartsin

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection has become a popular method to detect pathologies in medical images as it does not require supervision or labels for training. Most commonly, the anomaly detection model generates a "normal" version of an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Felix Meissen , Johannes Paetzold , Georgios Kaissis , Daniel Rueckert

The chest X-ray (CXR) is one of the most common and easy-to-get medical tests used to diagnose common diseases of the chest. Recently, many deep learning-based methods have been proposed that are capable of effectively classifying CXRs.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Weizhi Nie , Chen Zhang , Dan Song , Lina Zhao , Yunpeng Bai , Keliang Xie , Anan Liu