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We developed a radio interferometric technique for the observation of extensive air showers initiated by cosmic particles. In this proof-of-principle study we show that properties of extensive air showers can be derived with high accuracy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-11 Harm Schoorlemmer , Washington R. Carvalho

We propose a straightforward and cost-effective method to perform diffuse soundfield measurements for calibrating the magnitude response of a microphone array. Typically, such calibration is performed in a diffuse soundfield created in…

Radio map estimation (RME) is the problem of inferring the value of a certain metric (e.g. signal power) across an area of interest given a collection of measurements. While most works tackle this problem from a purely non-Bayesian…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-11 Tien Ngoc Ha , Daniel Romero

The all sky surveys done by the Palomar Observatory Schmidt, the European Southern Observatory Schmidt, and the United Kingdom Schmidt, the InfraRed Astronomical Satellite and the 2 Micron All Sky Survey have proven to be extremely useful…

The dispersion measure (DM) of fast radio bursts (FRBs) provides a unique way to probe ionised baryons in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Cosmological models with different parameters lead to different DM-redshift ($\mathrm{DM}-z$)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Adam J. Batten , Alan R. Duffy , Nastasha Wijers , Vivek Gupta , Chris Flynn , Joop Schaye , Emma Ryan-Weber

The sky-averaged (global) 21-cm signal is a powerful probe of the intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to the completion of reionization. However, it has so far been unclear that even in the best case scenario, in which the signal is accurately…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jordan Mirocha , Geraint J. A. Harker , Jack O. Burns

The dispersion measures (DMs) of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) arise predominantly from free electrons in the large-scale structure of the Universe. The increasing number of FRB observations have started to empirically constrain the distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-18 Ralf M. Konietzka , Liam Connor , Vadim A. Semenov , Angus Beane , Volker Springel , Lars Hernquist

Radio interferometric data are used to estimate the sky brightness distributions in radio frequencies. Here we focus on estimators of the large-scale structure and the power spectrum of the sky brightness distribution inferred from radio…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 Prasun Dutta , Meera Nandakumar

The neutral hydrogen 21cm line is potentially a very powerful probe of the observable universe, and a number of on-going experiments are trying to detect it at cosmological distances. However, the presence of strong foreground radiations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-14 Qizhi Huang , Fengquan Wu , Xuelei Chen

Calibration is a key step in the signal processing pipeline of any radio astronomical instrument. The required sky, ionospheric and instrumental models for this step can suffer from various kinds of incompleteness. In this paper we analyze…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-08 A. Mouri Sardarabadi , L. V. E. Koopmans

Radio interferometric imaging aims to estimate an unknown sky intensity image from degraded observations, acquired through an antenna array. In the theoretical case of a perfectly calibrated array, it has been shown that solving the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-25 Audrey Repetti , Jasleen Birdi , Arwa Dabbech , Yves Wiaux

Observations of the HI 21cm transition line promises to be an important probe into the cosmic dark ages and epoch of reionization. One of the challenges for the detection of this signal is the accuracy of the foreground source removal. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Datta , S. Bhatnagar , C. L. Carilli

Measurements with widefield radio interferometers often include the near-infinite gradient between the sky and the horizon. This causes aliasing inherent to the measurement itself, and is purely a consequence of the Fourier basis. For this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 N. Barry , J. L. B. Line , C. R. Lynch , M. Kriele , J. Cook

Precision calibration poses challenges to experiments probing the redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization (z~30-6). In both interferometric and global signal experiments, systematic…

Absolute spectrophotometric measurements of diffuse radiation at 1 \mu m to 2 \mu m are crucial to our understanding of the radiative content of the Universe from nucleosynthesis since the epoch of reionization, the composition and…

Ground-based surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time require photometric calibration that is both long-term stable and spatially uniform at the sub-per cent level, even during non-photometric…

In Earth remote sensing, spatial-frequency domain visibility samples are inversely transformed into spatial-domain brightness temperature (BT) images through the signal processing pipeline of synthetic aperture interferometric radiometers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-03 Yuankai Luo , Han Zhou , Jinlong Hao , Dong Zhu , Fei Hu

Diffuse Galactic emission at low frequencies is a major contaminant for studies of redshifted $21$ cm line studies. Removal of these foregrounds is essential for exploiting the signal from neutral hydrogen at high redshifts. Analysis of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-05 Sandeep Rana , Tuhin Ghosh , J. S. Bagla , Pravabati Chingangbam

Radio recombination lines (RRLs) can be used to determine the emission measure unambiguously along the Galactic plane. We use the deep (2100s per beam) HI Parkes Zone of Avoidance survey which includes 3 RRLs (H$166\alpha$, H$167\alpha$ and…

Transient radio signals of astrophysical origin present an avenue for studying the dynamic universe. With the next generation of radio interferometers being planned and built, there is great potential for detecting and studying large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth , Jean-Pierre R. Macquart , Steven J. Tingay