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We analyzed a thousand visible spectra of Fulcher-$\alpha$ band measured for divertor plasmas in Large Helical Device. With a coronal model and Baysian inference, the population distribution of hydrogen molecule in the electronical ground…

We use ultrafast x-ray diffraction to study non-equilibrium pathways of the phase transition in FeRh parametrized by the structural response. By increasing the pump-pulse duration beyond the electron-phonon coupling time, we suppress the…

Hinode's observations revealed a very dynamic and complex chromosphere. This require revisiting the assumption that the chromospheric footpoints of solar flares are areas where accelerated particles only lose energy due to collisions.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-04 Rim Turkmani , John Brown

X-ray lasers based on transitions in highly charged \textit{Ni}-like ions generating in the "water window" wavelength range can be pumped by compact laboratory discharge sources. This makes them promising candidates for use as compact…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-05-21 N. V. Kalinin , R. M. Feshchenko , I. A. Artyukov , V. A. Burtsev

We model the Neupert effect that relates flare heating energy with the observed SXR emission. The traditional form of the Neupert effect refers to the correlation between the time-integrated HXR or microwave light curve and the SXR light…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 Jiong Qiu

We study the electron energy spectra of two powerful solar flares SOL2003-10-28T 11:06:16 (GOES class X17.2) and SOL2002-07-23T00:18:16 (X4.8) on the basis of HXR and gamma-ray spectra obtained from RHESSI data. Electron-electron (e-e)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-16 I. D. Oparin , Yu. E. Charikov , E. P. Ovchinnikova , A. N. Shabalin

We present a detailed examination on the coronal nonthermal emissions during the preflare phase of the X4.8 flare that occurred on 2002 July 23. The microwave (17 GHz and 34 GHz) data obtained with Nobeyama Radioheliograph, at Nobeyama…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Ayumi Asai , Hiroshi Nakajima , Masumi Shimojo , Takaaki Yokoyama , Satoshi Masuda , Sam Krucker

The density distribution of flare loops and the mechanisms of their emission in the continuum are still open questions. On September 10, 2017 a prominent loop system appeared during the gradual phase of an X8.2 flare (SOL2017-09-10),…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 S. Jejčič , L. Kleint , P. Heinzel

Microflares are energetically smaller versions of solar flares, demonstrating the same processes of plasma heating and particle acceleration. However, it remains unclear down to what energy scales this impulsive energy release continues,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-09 Kristopher Cooper , Iain G. Hannah , Lindsay Glesener , Brian W. Grefenstette

Dynamics of hot chromospheric plasma of solar flares is a key to understanding of mechanisms of flare energy release and particle acceleration. A moderate M1.0 class flare of 12 June, 2014 (SOL2014-06-12T21:12) was simultaneously observed…

We study the correlation between abrupt permanent changes of magnetic field during X-class flares observed by the GONG and HMI instruments, and the hard X-ray (HXR) emission observed by RHESSI, to relate the photospheric field changes to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-05 O. Burtseva , J. C. Martínez-Oliveros , G. J. D. Petrie , A. A. Pevtsov

A 1-D loop radiative hydrodynamic model that incorporates the effects of gravitational stratification, heat conduction, radiative losses, external heat input, presence of helium, and Braginskii viscosity is used to simulate elementary flare…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. Tsiklauri , M. J. Aschwanden , V. M. Nakariakov , T. D. Arber

Observation of coronal EUV spectral lines sensitive to different temperatures offers an opportunity to evaluate the thermal structure and flows in flaring atmospheres. This can be used to estimate the partitioning between the thermal and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Mykola Gordovskyy , Eduard Kontar , Philippa Browning

Nonthermal sources located above bright flare arcades, referred to as the "above-the-loop-top" sources, have been often suggested as the primary electron acceleration site in major solar flares. The X8.2 limb flare on 2017 September 10…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-03 Bin Chen , Marina Battaglia , Säm Krucker , Katharine K. Reeves , Lindsay Glesener

The generation of nonthermal electrons during solar flares plays a critical role in energy transport from the corona to the chromosphere, producing regions of observed intense X-ray emission. Turbulence in post-flare loops, particularly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-05 Clarissa Mora , Fabio Bacchini , Rony Keppens

Understanding nonthermal particle generation, transport, and escape in solar flares requires detailed quantification of the particle evolution in the realistic 3D domain where the flare takes place. Rather surprisingly, apart of standard…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Natsuha Kuroda , Sabina Jia , Kevin Tong , Richard R. Wen , Zhou Zhizhuo

We use more than 4,500 microflares from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) microflare data set (Christe et al., 2008, Ap. J., 677, 1385) to estimate electron densities and volumetric filling factors of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-21 R. N. Baylor , P. A. Cassak , S. Christe , I. G. Hannah , Säm Krucker , D. J. Mullan , M. A. Shay , H. S. Hudson , R. P. Lin

Knowing the characteristic relaxation time of free electrons in a dense plasma is crucial to our understanding of plasma equilibration and transport. However, experimental investigations of electron relaxation dynamics have been hindered by…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Yuanfeng Shi , Shenyuan Ren , Hyun-kyung Chung , Justin S. Wark , Sam M. Vinko

This work is prompted by the evidence of sharply peaked emission measure distributions in active stars, and by the claims of isothermal loops in solar coronal observations, at variance with the predictions of hydrostatic loop models with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Paola Testa , Giovanni Peres , Fabio Reale

Flare loops form an integral part of eruptive events, being detected in the range of temperatures from X-rays down to cool chromospheric-like plasmas. While the hot loops are routinely observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory's…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Július Koza , David Kuridze , Petr Heinzel , Sonja Jejčič , Huw Morgan , Maciej Zapiór