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The human prioritization of image regions can be modeled in a time invariant fashion with saliency maps or sequentially with scanpath models. However, while both types of models have steadily improved on several benchmarks and datasets,…

We propose a computational model of visual search that incorporates Bayesian interpretations of the neural mechanisms that underlie categorical perception and saccade planning. To enable meaningful comparisons between simulated and human…

In this paper a number of problems are considered which are related to the modelling of eye guidance under visual attention in a natural setting. From a crude discussion of a variety of available models spelled in probabilistic terms, it…

When humans view scenes without a specific task (free-viewing), they initially direct their eye movements toward the scene center and then fixate on people, text, objects being gazed at or grasped, and semantically meaningful regions. What…

Data-driven saliency detection has attracted strong interest as a result of applying convolutional neural networks to the detection of eye fixations. Although a number of imagebased salient object and fixation detection models have been…

Human visual attention is subjective and biased according to the personal preference of the viewer, however, current works of saliency detection are general and objective, without counting the factor of the observer. This will make the…

Existing models of human visual attention are generally unable to incorporate direct task guidance and therefore cannot model an intent or goal when exploring a scene. To integrate guidance of any downstream visual task into attention…

Humans perceive their visual environment by directing their eyes towards relevant objects. The deployment of visual attention depends substantially on the stimulus's properties, higher cognitive processes, and biases and constraints of the…

To further advance driver monitoring and assistance systems, it is important to understand how drivers allocate their attention, in other words, where do they tend to look and why. Traditionally, factors affecting human visual attention…

Eye movements during reading offer insights into both the reader's cognitive processes and the characteristics of the text that is being read. Hence, the analysis of scanpaths in reading have attracted increasing attention across fields,…

Sequential visual task usually requires to pay attention to its current interested object conditional on its previous observations. Different from popular soft attention mechanism, we propose a new attention framework by introducing a novel…

By and large, existing computational models of visual attention tacitly assume perfect vision and full access to the stimulus and thereby deviate from foveated biological vision. Moreover, modeling top-down attention is generally reduced to…

The internal workings of modern deep learning models stay often unclear to an external observer, although spatial attention mechanisms are involved. The idea of this work is to translate these spatial attentions into natural language to…

Nearly all existing visual saliency models by far have focused on predicting a universal saliency map across all observers. Yet psychology studies suggest that visual attention of different observers can vary significantly under specific…

A visual hard attention model actively selects and observes a sequence of subregions in an image to make a prediction. The majority of hard attention models determine the attention-worthy regions by first analyzing a complete image.…

Visual attention is a mechanism closely intertwined with vision and memory. Top-down information influences visual processing through attention. We designed a neural network model inspired by aspects of human visual attention. This model…

Gaze is an essential prompt for analyzing human behavior and attention. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in determining gaze direction from facial videos. However, video gaze estimation faces significant challenges, such as…

Human movement is goal-directed and influenced by the spatial layout of the objects in the scene. To plan future human motion, it is crucial to perceive the environment -- imagine how hard it is to navigate a new room with lights off.…

From smoothly pursuing moving objects to rapidly shifting gazes during visual search, humans employ a wide variety of eye movement strategies in different contexts. While eye movements provide a rich window into mental processes, building…

Human planning is efficient--it frugally deploys limited cognitive resources to accomplish difficult tasks--and flexible--adapting to novel problems and environments. Computational approaches suggest that people construct simplified mental…