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Traditionally, 802.11-based networks that relied on wired equivalent protocol (WEP) were especially vulnerable to packet sniffing. Today, wireless networks are more prolific, and the monitoring devices used to find them are mobile and easy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-09 Ifeyinwa Angela Ajah

This paper presents a crowd monitoring system based on the passive detection of probe requests. The system meets strict privacy requirements and is suited to monitoring events or buildings with a least a few hundreds of attendees. We…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-21 Jean-François Determe , Sophia Azzagnuni , Utkarsh Singh , François Horlin , Philippe De Doncker

The past years have witnessed increasing research interest in achieving passive human localization with commodity WiFi devices. However, due to the fundamental limited spatial resolution of WiFi signals, it is still very difficult to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Ganlin Zhang , Dongheng Zhang , Ying He , Jinbo Chen , Fang Zhou , Yan Chen

As broadband Internet speeds continue to increase, the home wireless ("WiFi") network may more frequently become a performance bottleneck. Past research, now nearly a decade old, initially documented this phenomenon through indirect…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Ranya Sharma , Marc Richardson , Guilherme Martins , Nick Feamster

Wireless radio channels are known to contain information about the surrounding propagation environment, which can be extracted using established wireless sensing methods. Thus, today's ubiquitous wireless devices are attractive targets for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Paul Staat , Simon Mulzer , Stefan Roth , Veelasha Moonsamy , Markus Heinrichs , Rainer Kronberger , Aydin Sezgin , Christof Paar

Our work demonstrates a new set of silent reconnaissance attacks, which leverages the presence of commodity WiFi devices to track users inside private homes and offices, without compromising any WiFi network, data packets, or devices. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Yanzi Zhu , Zhujun Xiao , Yuxin Chen , Zhijing Li , Max Liu , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

We consider the point process of signal strengths emitted from transmitters in a wireless network and observed at a fixed position. In our model, transmitters are placed deterministically or randomly according to a hard core or Poisson…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Nathan Ross , Dominic Schuhmacher

Radio Frequency fingerprinting enables a passive receiver to recognize and authenticate a transmitter without the need for cryptographic tools. Authentication is achieved by isolating specific features of the transmitted signal that are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Muhammad Irfan , Savio Sciancalepore , Gabriele Oligeri

A key challenge in wireless networking is the management of interference between transmissions. Identifying which transmitters interfere with each other is a crucial first step. In this paper we cast the task of estimating the a wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Jing Yang , Stark Draper , Robert Nowak

This paper presents an evaluation of the WiFi exposure levels inside the university in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. The selected environment is the typical scenario where WiFi exposure concerns have increased in the last years, since a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Marta Fernandez , David Guerra , Unai Gil , Inigo Trigo , Ivan Pena , Amaia Arrinda

Internet censorship limits the access of nodes residing within a specific network environment to the public Internet, and vice versa. During the last decade, techniques for conducting Internet censorship have been developed further.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Steffen Wendzel , Simon Volpert , Sebastian Zillien , Julia Lenz , Philip Rünz , Luca Caviglione

Recent years have witnessed the bloom development of the human-centered wireless sensing applications, in which some human information, such as the user's identity and motions, can be retrieved through analyzing the signal distortion caused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Jianwei Liu , Jinsong Han , Lei Yang , Fei Wang , Feng Lin , Kui Ren

In this paper we focus on the problem of human activity recognition without identification of the individuals in a scene. We consider using Wi-Fi signals to detect certain human mobility behaviors such as stationary, walking, or running.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Fang-Jing Wu , Gürkan Solmaz

802.11 device fingerprinting is the action of characterizing a target device through its wireless traffic. This results in a signature that may be used for identification, network monitoring or intrusion detection. The fingerprinting method…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-28 Christoph Neumann , Olivier Heen , Stéphane Onno

Instead of against eavesdropping, this letter proposes a new paradigm in wireless security by studying how a legitimate monitor (e.g., government agencies) efficiently eavesdrops a suspicious wireless communication link. The suspicious…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-05 Jie Xu , Lingjie Duan , Rui Zhang

In this paper, the field measurements of signal strength taken at the frequency of 2432 MHz in indoor & outdoor environments are presented and analyzed. The received signal levels from the base station were monitored manually. Total…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Puneet Kumar Mongia , B. J. Singh

WiFi channel state information (CSI) has emerged as a plausible modality for sensing different human vital signs, i.e. respiration and body motion, as a function of modulated wireless signals that travel between WiFi devices. Although a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-23 Kamran Ali , Mohammed Alloulah , Fahim Kawsar , Alex X. Liu

Received signal strength based device-free localization has attracted considerable attention in the research society over the past years to locate and track people who are not carrying any electronic device. Typically, the person is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-08-20 Ossi Kaltiokallio , Hüseyin Yiğitler , Riku Jäntti

The growing market for smart home IoT devices promises new conveniences for consumers while presenting new challenges for preserving privacy within the home. Many smart home devices have always-on sensors that capture users' offline…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Noah Apthorpe , Dillon Reisman , Srikanth Sundaresan , Arvind Narayanan , Nick Feamster

This paper shows experimentally that standard wireless networks which measure received signal strength (RSS) can be used to reliably detect human breathing and estimate the breathing rate, an application we call "BreathTaking". We show that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-09-20 Neal Patwari , Joey Wilson , Sai Ananthanarayanan P. R. , Sneha K. Kasera , Dwayne Westenskow