Related papers: Gram Spectrahedra of Ternary Quartics

Let $f\in\Sigma_{n,2d}$ be a sum of squares. The Gram spectrahedron of $f$ is a compact, convex set that parametrizes all sum of squares representations of $f$. Let $F\subseteq\mathrm{Gram}(f)$ be a face of its Gram spectrahedron. We are…

We analyze both the facial structure of the Gram spectrahedron $\mathrm{Gram}(f)$ and of the Hermitian Gram spectrahedron $\mathcal{H}^{\scriptscriptstyle+}(f)$ of a nonnegative binary form $f \in \mathbb{R}[x, y]_{2d}$. We show that if $F…

Representations of nonnegative polynomials as sums of squares are central to real algebraic geometry and the subject of active research. The sum-of-squares representations of a given polynomial are parametrized by the convex body of…

The Gram spectrahedron $\text{Gram}(f)$ of a form $f$ with real coefficients parametrizes the sum of squares decompositions of $f$, modulo orthogonal equivalence. For $f$ a sufficiently general positive binary form of arbitrary degree, we…

Given a linear map on the vector space of symmetric matrices, every fiber intersected with the set of positive semidefinite matrices is a spectrahedron. Using the notion of the fiber body we can build the average over all such fibers and…

This paper explores the geometric structure of the spectrahedral cone, called the symmetry adapted PSD cone, and the symmetry adapted Gram spectrahedron of a symmetric polynomial. In particular, we determine the dimension of the symmetry…

A celebrated result by Hilbert says that every real nonnegative ternary quartic is a sum of three squares. We show more generally that every nonnegative quadratic form on a real projective variety $X$ of minimal degree is a sum of…

In 1888, Hilbert proved that every non-negative quartic form f=f(x,y,z) with real coefficients is a sum of three squares of quadratic forms. His proof was ahead of its time and used advanced methods from topology and algebraic geometry. Up…

A smooth quartic curve in the complex projective plane has 36 inequivalent representations as a symmetric determinant of linear forms and 63 representations as a sum of three squares. These correspond to Cayley octads and Steiner complexes…

Quartic spectrahedra in 3-space form a semialgebraic set of dimension 24. This set is stratified by the location of its ten nodes. There are twenty maximal strata, identified recently by Degtyarev and Itenberg, via the global Torelli…

Rational quartic spectrahedra in 3-space are semialgebraic convex subsets in $\mathbb{R}^3$ of semidefinite, real symmetric $(4 \times 4)$-matrices, whose boundary admits a rational parameterization. The Zariski closure in…

David Hilbert proved that a non-negative real quartic form f(x,y,z) is the sum of three squares of quadratic forms. We give a new proof which shows that if the complex plane curve Q defined by f is smooth, then f has exactly 8 such…

Given a nondegenerate ternary form $f=f(x_1,x_2,x_3)$ of degree 4 over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, we use the geometry of K3 surfaces to construct a certain positive-dimensional family of irreducible…

A spectrahedron is a set defined by a linear matrix inequality. Given a spectrahedron we are interested in the question of the smallest possible size $r$ of the matrices in the description by linear matrix inequalities. We show that for the…

This article develops a self-contained affine $\Gamma$-scheme theory for a class of commutative ternary $\Gamma$-semirings. By establishing all geometric and spectral results internally, the work provides a unified framework for triadic…

Given any finite set of nonnegative integers, there exists a closed convex set whose facial dimension signature coincides with this set of integers, that is, the dimensions of its nonempty faces comprise exactly this set of integers. In…

Let $\Gamma$ be a finitely presented group and $G$ a linear algebraic group over $\mathbb{R}$. A representation $\rho:\Gamma\rightarrow G(\mathbb{R})$ can be seen as an $\mathbb{R}$-point of the representation variety $\mathfrak{R}(\Gamma,…

We analyze the embedding dimension of a normal weighted homogeneous surface singularity, and more generally, the Poincar\'e series of the minimal set of generators of the graded algebra of regular functions, provided that the link of the…

Spectrahedra are affine-linear sections of the cone $\mathcal{P}_n$ of positive semidefinite symmetric $n\times n$-matrices. We consider random spectrahedra that are obtained by intersecting~$\mathcal{P}_n$ with the affine-linear space…

The Gram dimension $\gd(G)$ of a graph is the smallest integer $k \ge 1$ such that, for every assignment of unit vectors to the nodes of the graph, there exists another assignment of unit vectors lying in $\oR^k$, having the same inner…