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In samples from a heavy-tailed distribution a second-order approximation is often use to approximate the tail function. Based on the parameters of the approximation, an optimal sample fraction can be estimated which is then used to estimate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-15 J. Martin van Zyl

Recent studies show that transformer-based architectures emulate gradient descent during a forward pass, contributing to in-context learning capabilities - an ability where the model adapts to new tasks based on a sequence of prompt…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Karthik Duraisamy

Risk management is particularly concerned with extreme events, but analysing these events is often hindered by the scarcity of data, especially in a multivariate context. This data scarcity complicates risk management efforts. Various tools…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-15 Nisrine Madhar , Juliette Legrand , Maud Thomas

Inferring individualised treatment effects from observational data can unlock the potential for targeted interventions. It is, however, hard to infer these effects from observational data. One major problem that can arise is covariate shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Damian Machlanski , Spyros Samothrakis , Paul Clarke

The recursive and hierarchical structure of full rooted trees is applicable to represent statistical models in various areas, such as data compression, image processing, and machine learning. In most of these cases, the full rooted tree is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-24 Yuta Nakahara , Shota Saito , Akira Kamatsuka , Toshiyasu Matsushima

The heavy-tailed behavior of the generalized extreme-value distribution makes it a popular choice for modeling extreme events such as floods, droughts, heatwaves, wildfires, etc. However, estimating the distribution's parameters using…

Extreme value distributions are routinely employed to assess risks connected to extreme events in a large number of applications. They typically are two- or three- parameter distributions: the inference can be unstable, which is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Nathan Huet , Ilaria Prosdocimi

In several applications, ultimately at the largest data, truncation effects can be observed when analysing tail characteristics of statistical distributions. In some cases truncation effects are forecasted through physical models such as…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-17 Jan Beirlant , Isabel Fraga Alves , Tom Reynkens

Generalized extreme value (GEV) regression is often more adapted when we investigate a relationship between a binary response variable $Y$ which represents a rare event and potentiel predictors $\mathbf{X}$. In particular, we use the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-04 Aba Diop , El Hadji Deme

Recently some papers, such as Aban, Meerschaert and Panorska (2006), Nuyts (2010) and Clark (2013), have drawn attention to possible truncation in Pareto tail modelling. Sometimes natural upper bounds exist that truncate the probability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-21 Jan Beirlant , Isabel Fraga Alves , Ivette Gomes

Regression models for supervised learning problems with a continuous target are commonly understood as models for the conditional mean of the target given predictors. This notion is simple and therefore appealing for interpretation and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-09 Torsten Hothorn , Achim Zeileis

Decision trees have been a very popular class of predictive models for decades due to their interpretability and good performance on categorical features. However, they are not always robust and tend to overfit the data. Additionally, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Oktay Gunluk , Jayant Kalagnanam , Minhan Li , Matt Menickelly , Katya Scheinberg

Extreme Value Theory plays an important role to provide approximation results for the extremes of a sequence of independent random variables when their distribution is unknown. An important one is given by the {generalised Pareto…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Simone A. Padoan , Stefano Rizzelli

Classical peaks over threshold analysis is widely used for statistical modeling of sample extremes, and can be supplemented by a model for the sizes of clusters of exceedances. Under mild conditions a compound Poisson process model allows…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-14 Mária Süveges , Anthony C. Davison

In this paper, we investigate adaptive nonlinear regression and introduce tree based piecewise linear regression algorithms that are highly efficient and provide significantly improved performance with guaranteed upper bounds in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-30 N. Denizcan Vanli , Suleyman S. Kozat

Clustered data, which arise when observations are nested within groups, are incredibly common in clinical, education, and social science research. Traditionally, a linear mixed model, which includes random effects to account for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-04 Kevin McCoy , Zachary Wooten , Katarzyna Tomczak , Christine B. Peterson

Model trees provide an appealing way to perform interpretable machine learning for both classification and regression problems. In contrast to ``classic'' decision trees with constant values in their leaves, model trees can use linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Sabino Francesco Roselli , Eibe Frank

Eliciting preferences from human judgements is inherently imprecise, yet most decision analysis methods force a single priority vector from pairwise comparisons, discarding the information embedded in inconsistencies. We instead leverage…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-27 Salvatore Greco , Sajid Siraj , Michele Lundy

Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) models have been widely used by statisticians for non-linear time series forecasting during the past few decades, due to their simplicity and mathematical properties. On the other hand, in the forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Rakshitha Godahewa , Geoffrey I. Webb , Daniel Schmidt , Christoph Bergmeir

We develop a Gaussian-process mixture model for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation that leverages the use of transformed outcomes. The approach we will present attempts to improve point estimation and uncertainty quantification…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-19 Abbas Zaidi , Sayan Mukherjee