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This paper studies the problem of detecting anomalous graphs using a machine learning model trained on only normal graphs, which has many applications in molecule, biology, and social network data analysis. We present a self-discriminative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Jinyu Cai , Yunhe Zhang , Jicong Fan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved impressive performance in graph-related tasks. However, they suffer from poor generalization on out-of-distribution (OOD) data, as they tend to learn spurious correlations. Such correlations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-26 Bowen Lu , Liangqiang Yang , Teng Li

Anomaly analytics is a popular and vital task in various research contexts, which has been studied for several decades. At the same time, deep learning has shown its capacity in solving many graph-based tasks like, node classification, link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Jing Ren , Feng Xia , Azadeh Noori Hoshyar , Charu C. Aggarwal

Most existing deep learning models are trained based on the closed-world assumption, where the test data is assumed to be drawn i.i.d. from the same distribution as the training data, known as in-distribution (ID). However, when models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Yixin Liu , Kaize Ding , Huan Liu , Shirui Pan

Does the intrinsic curvature of complex networks hold the key to unveiling graph anomalies that conventional approaches overlook? Reconstruction-based graph anomaly detection (GAD) methods overlook such geometric outliers, focusing only on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Karish Grover , Geoffrey J. Gordon , Christos Faloutsos

Time series subsequence anomaly detection is an important task in a large variety of real-world applications ranging from health monitoring to AIOps, and is challenging due to the following reasons: 1) how to effectively learn complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Weiqi Chen , Zhiqiang Zhou , Qingsong Wen , Liang Sun

Anomaly detection (AD) is the identification of data samples that do not fit a learned data distribution. As such, AD systems can help physicians to determine the presence, severity, and extension of a pathology. Deep generative models,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-12 Jaime Simarro , Ezequiel de la Rosa , Thijs Vande Vyvere , David Robben , Diana M. Sima

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) has attracted growing interest for its crucial ability to uncover irregular patterns in broad applications. Semi-supervised GAD, which assumes a subset of annotated normal nodes available during training, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Guolei Zeng , Hezhe Qiao , Guoguo Ai , Jinsong Guo , Guansong Pang

Object detection in documents is a key step to automate the structural elements identification process in a digital or scanned document through understanding the hierarchical structure and relationships between different elements. Large and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Ayan Banerjee , Sanket Biswas , Josep Lladós , Umapada Pal

Anomaly detection (AD) is a crucial machine learning task that aims to learn patterns from a set of normal training samples to identify abnormal samples in test data. Most existing AD studies assume that the training and test data are drawn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tri Cao , Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

Real-world graphs are complex to process for performing effective analysis, such as anomaly detection. However, recently, there have been several research efforts addressing the issues surrounding graph-based anomaly detection. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Prabin B Lamichhane , William Eberle

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection poses a significant challenge for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), particularly in open-world scenarios with varying distribution shifts. Most existing OOD detection methods on graphs primarily focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Yujie Lin , Dong Li , Qin Tian

Graph data widely exists in real life, with large amounts of data and complex structures. It is necessary to map graph data to low-dimensional embedding. Graph classification, a critical graph task, mainly relies on identifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yuan Li , Li Liu , Penggang Chen , Youmin Zhang , Guoyin Wang

Graph-level anomaly detection (GAD) is critical in diverse domains such as drug discovery, yet high labeling costs and dataset imbalance hamper the performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). To address these issues, we propose FracAug, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Xiangyu Dong , Xingyi Zhang , Sibo Wang

In the domain of anomaly detection, methods often excel in either high-level semantic or low-level industrial benchmarks, rarely achieving cross-domain proficiency. Semantic anomalies are novelties that differ in meaning from the training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Luc P. J. Sträter , Mohammadreza Salehi , Efstratios Gavves , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

When testing data and training data come from different distributions, deep neural networks (DNNs) will face significant safety risks in practical applications. Therefore, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection techniques, which can identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Cheng Yang , Yu Hao , Qi Zhang , Chuan Shi

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection is crucial for various practical applications as it aims to identify anomalies in a graph that exhibit rare patterns deviating significantly from the majority of nodes. Recent advancements have utilized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yuanchen Bei , Sheng Zhou , Qiaoyu Tan , Hao Xu , Hao Chen , Zhao Li , Jiajun Bu

Graph distillation (GD) is an effective approach to extract useful information from large-scale network structures. However, existing methods, which operate in Euclidean space to generate condensed graphs, struggle to capture the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yunbo Long , Liming Xu , Stefan Schoepf , Alexandra Brintrup

Gait anomaly detection is a task that involves detecting deviations from a person's normal gait pattern. These deviations can indicate health issues and medical conditions in the healthcare domain, or fraudulent impersonation and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Ming-Chang Lee , Jia-Chun Lin , Sokratis Katsikas

Anomaly detection (AD) is a task that distinguishes normal and abnormal data, which is important for applying automation technologies of the manufacturing facilities. For MVTec dataset that is a representative AD dataset for industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jongyub Seok , Chanjin Kang