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With large-scale well-labeled datasets, deep learning has shown significant success in medical image segmentation. However, it is challenging to acquire abundant annotations in clinical practice due to extensive expertise requirements and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-20 Ziyuan Zhao , Jinxuan Hu , Zeng Zeng , Xulei Yang , Peisheng Qian , Bharadwaj Veeravalli , Cuntai Guan

The field of vision and language has witnessed a proliferation of pre-trained foundation models. Most existing methods are independently pre-trained with contrastive objective like CLIP, image-to-text generative objective like PaLI, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Haoxuan You , Mandy Guo , Zhecan Wang , Kai-Wei Chang , Jason Baldridge , Jiahui Yu

Recent advancements in biology and chemistry have leveraged multi-modal learning, integrating molecules and their natural language descriptions to enhance drug discovery. However, current pre-training frameworks are limited to two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Teng Xiao , Chao Cui , Huaisheng Zhu , Vasant G. Honavar

Many high-level skills that are required for computer vision tasks, such as parsing questions, comparing and contrasting semantics, and writing descriptions, are also required in other domains such as natural language processing. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Sophia Gu , Christopher Clark , Aniruddha Kembhavi

Contrastive vision-language models (e.g. CLIP) are typically created by updating all the parameters of a vision model and language model through contrastive training. Can such models be created by a small number of parameter updates to an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Zaid Khan , Yun Fu

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on huge amounts of textual data, and concerns have been raised that the limits of such data may soon be reached. A potential solution is to train on synthetic data sampled from LLMs. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jannek Ulm , Kevin Du , Vésteinn Snæbjarnarson

Pre-trained contextual vision-and-language (V&L) models have achieved impressive performance on various benchmarks. However, existing models require a large amount of parallel image-caption data for pre-training. Such data are costly to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Liunian Harold Li , Haoxuan You , Zhecan Wang , Alireza Zareian , Shih-Fu Chang , Kai-Wei Chang

Self-supervised pre-training of deep learning models with contrastive learning is a widely used technique in image analysis. Current findings indicate a strong potential for contrastive pre-training on medical images. However, further…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Daniel Wolf , Tristan Payer , Catharina Silvia Lisson , Christoph Gerhard Lisson , Meinrad Beer , Michael Götz , Timo Ropinski

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have been shown to efficiently integrate natural language with visual information to handle multi-modal tasks. However, MLLMs still face a fundamental limitation of hallucinations, where they tend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chaoya Jiang , Haiyang Xu , Mengfan Dong , Jiaxing Chen , Wei Ye , Ming Yan , Qinghao Ye , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Is vision good enough for language? Recent advancements in multimodal models primarily stem from the powerful reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the visual component typically depends only on the instance-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Shengbang Tong , Zhuang Liu , Yuexiang Zhai , Yi Ma , Yann LeCun , Saining Xie

We propose Domain-Conditioned Meta-Contrastive Learning, a framework for improving the cross-domain generalization of vision-language models. While contrastive models such as CLIP achieve strong performance through large-scale training,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Merham Fouladvand , Peuroly Batra

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has demonstrated strong zero-shot performance across diverse downstream text-image tasks. Existing CLIP methods typically optimize a contrastive objective using negative samples drawn from each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Haotian Sun , Yitong Li , Yuchen Zhuang , Niao He , Hanjun Dai , Bo Dai

New astronomical tasks are often related to earlier tasks for which labels have already been collected. We adapt the contrastive framework BYOL to leverage those labels as a pretraining task while also enforcing augmentation invariance. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Mike Walmsley , Inigo Val Slijepcevic , Micah Bowles , Anna M. M. Scaife

Vision-and-Language navigation (VLN) requires an agent to navigate in unseen environment by following natural language instruction. For task completion, the agent needs to align and integrate various navigation modalities, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Mengfei Du , Binhao Wu , Jiwen Zhang , Zhihao Fan , Zejun Li , Ruipu Luo , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Pre-trained representations are becoming crucial for many NLP and perception tasks. While representation learning in NLP has transitioned to training on raw text without human annotations, visual and vision-language representations still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chao Jia , Yinfei Yang , Ye Xia , Yi-Ting Chen , Zarana Parekh , Hieu Pham , Quoc V. Le , Yunhsuan Sung , Zhen Li , Tom Duerig

Contrastive learning and self-supervised techniques have gained prevalence in computer vision for the past few years. It is essential for medical image analysis, which is often notorious for its lack of annotations. Most existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-07 Jun Li , Quan Quan , S. Kevin Zhou

We introduce a self-supervised approach for learning node and graph level representations by contrasting structural views of graphs. We show that unlike visual representation learning, increasing the number of views to more than two or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Kaveh Hassani , Amir Hosein Khasahmadi

The disparity in language resources poses a challenge in multilingual NLP, with high-resource languages benefiting from extensive data, while low-resource languages lack sufficient data for effective training. Our Contrastive Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Philipp Borchert , Jochen De Weerdt , Marie-Francine Moens

The learning objective of vision-language approach of CLIP does not effectively account for the noisy many-to-many correspondences found in web-harvested image captioning datasets, which contributes to its compute and data inefficiency. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Alex Andonian , Shixing Chen , Raffay Hamid

Generalist Vision-Language-Action models are currently hindered by the scarcity of robotic data compared to the abundance of human video demonstrations. Existing Latent Action Models attempt to leverage video data but often suffer from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Chubin Zhang , Jianan Wang , Zifeng Gao , Yue Su , Tianru Dai , Cai Zhou , Jiwen Lu , Yansong Tang