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Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) suffer from high inter-subject variability and limited labeled data, often requiring lengthy calibration phases. In this work, we present an end-to-end approach that explicitly models the subject dependency…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Michele Romani , Francesco Paissan , Andrea Fossà , Elisabetta Farella

Single-trial classification of event-related potentials in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is a very important paradigm of brain-computer interface (BCI). Because of individual differences, usually some subject-specific calibration data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Dongrui Wu

An electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enables people to communicate with the outside world by interpreting the EEG signals of their brains to interact with devices such as wheelchairs and intelligent robots.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Quan Z. Sheng , Salil S. Kanhere , Tao Gu , Dalin Zhang

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face significant deployment challenges due to inter-subject variability, signal non-stationarity, and computational constraints. While test-time adaptation (TTA) mitigates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Siyang Li , Jiayi Ouyang , Zhenyao Cui , Ziwei Wang , Tianwang Jia , Feng Wan , Dongrui Wu

Transfer learning and meta-learning offer some of the most promising avenues to unlock the scalability of healthcare and consumer technologies driven by biosignal data. This is because current methods cannot generalise well across human…

Brain signal variability in the measurements obtained from different subjects during different sessions significantly deteriorates the accuracy of most brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. Moreover these variabilities, also known as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-09 Berdakh Abibullaev , Jinung An , Seung-Hyun Lee , Sang-Hyeon Jin , Jeon-Il Moon

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is used for communication between humans and devices by recognizing status and intention of humans. Communication between humans and a drone using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Dae-Hyeok Lee , Dong-Kyun Han , Sung-Jin Kim , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Seong-Whan Lee

A major issue in Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) is their poor classification accuracy and the large amount of data that is required for subject-specific calibration. This makes BCIs less accessible to general users in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Maryam Alimardani , Steven Kocken , Nikki Leeuwis

Objective: An electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the human brain and a computer. Due to individual differences and non-stationarity of EEG signals, such BCIs usually require…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Siyang Li , Ziwei Wang , Hanbin Luo , Lieyun Ding , Dongrui Wu

Different functional areas of the human brain play different roles in brain activity, which has not been paid sufficient research attention in the brain-computer interface (BCI) field. This paper presents a new approach for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-29 Chuanqi Tan , Fuchun Sun , Tao Kong , Bin Fang , Wenchang Zhang

We introduce adversarial neural networks for representation learning as a novel approach to transfer learning in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). The proposed approach aims to learn subject-invariant representations by simultaneously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Ozan Ozdenizci , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Deniz Erdogmus

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) often suffer from limited robustness and poor long-term adaptability. Model performance rapidly degrades when user attention fluctuates, brain states shift over time, or irregular artifacts appear during…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Yeon-Woo Choi , Hye-Bin Shin , Dan Li

A conventional brain-computer interface (BCI) requires a complete data gathering, training, and calibration phase for each user before it can be used. In recent years, a number of subject-independent (SI) BCIs have been developed. Many of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mahbod Nouri , Faraz Moradi , Hafez Ghaemi , Ali Motie Nasrabadi

This paper tackles the problem of subject adaptive EEG-based visual recognition. Its goal is to accurately predict the categories of visual stimuli based on EEG signals with only a handful of samples for the target subject during training.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Pilhyeon Lee , Sunhee Hwang , Jewook Lee , Minjung Shin , Seogkyu Jeon , Hyeran Byun

The Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP)-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an efficient technology for target retrieval using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The performance improvement of traditional decoding methods relies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xujin Li , Wei Wei , Shuang Qiu , Huiguang He

The electroencephalography classifier is the most important component of brain-computer interface based systems. There are two major problems hindering the improvement of it. First, traditional methods do not fully exploit multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Chuanqi Tan , Fuchun Sun , Wenchang Zhang

Neurophysiological time series recordings like the electroencephalogram (EEG) or local field potentials are obtained from multiple sensors. They can be decoded by machine learning models in order to estimate the ongoing brain state of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-14 Pierre Guetschel , Théodore Papadopoulo , Michael Tangermann

Cross-subject motor imagery (CS-MI) classification in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is a challenging task due to the significant variability in Electroencephalography (EEG) patterns across different individuals. This variability often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ahmed G. Habashi , Ahmed M. Azab , Seif Eldawlatly , Gamal M. Aly

An electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) speller allows a user to input text to a computer by thought. It is particularly useful to severely disabled individuals, e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, who…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Xiao Zhang , Dongrui Wu , Lieyun Ding , Hanbin Luo , Chin-Teng Lin , Tzyy-Ping Jung , Ricardo Chavarriaga

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) constitute a promising tool for communication and control. However, mastering non-invasive closed-loop systems remains a learned skill that is difficult to develop for a non-negligible proportion of users.…