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Several open-source systems, such as Flower and NVIDIA FLARE, have been developed in recent years while focusing on different aspects of federated learning (FL). Flower is dedicated to implementing a cohesive approach to FL, analytics, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Holger R. Roth , Daniel J. Beutel , Yan Cheng , Javier Fernandez Marques , Heng Pan , Chester Chen , Zhihong Zhang , Yuhong Wen , Sean Yang , Isaac , Yang , Yuan-Ting Hsieh , Ziyue Xu , Daguang Xu , Nicholas D. Lane , Andrew Feng

Federated low-rank adaptation (FedLoRA) has facilitated communication-efficient and privacy-preserving fine-tuning of foundation models for downstream tasks. In practical federated learning scenarios, client heterogeneity in system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Fei Wu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Shiqiang Wang

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed learning paradigm, trains models over distributed clients' data. FL is particularly beneficial for distributed training of Diffusion Models (DMs), which are high-quality image generators that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Qianyu Long , Qiyuan Wang , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Daning Bi

Federated learning (FL) is a highly pursued machine learning technique that can train a model centrally while keeping data distributed. Distributed computation makes FL attractive for bandwidth limited applications especially in wireless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent development in distributed machine learning that collaboratively trains models without training data leaving client devices, preserving data privacy. In real-world FL, the training set is distributed over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Jed Mills , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Rui Jin , Siwei Zheng , Jin Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) across multiple nodes, each with its own private data. While LoRA has been widely adopted for parameter efficient federated fine-tuning, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Navyansh Mahla , Sunny Gupta , Amit Sethi

This paper proposes an algorithm for Federated Learning (FL) with a two-layer structure that achieves both variance reduction and a faster convergence rate to an optimal solution in the setting where each agent has an arbitrary probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 M. R. Rostami , S. S. Kia

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for human-like conversations, they are primarily pre-trained on text data. Incorporating audio or video improves performance, but collecting large-scale multimodal data and…

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative paradigm in medical AI, enabling collaborative model training across institutions without direct data sharing. This study benchmarks three prominent FL frameworks NVIDIA FLARE, Flower,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Riya Gupta , Alexander Chowdhury , Sahil Nalawade

Offline meta-reinforcement learning (OMRL) combines the strengths of learning from diverse datasets in offline RL with the adaptability to new tasks of meta-RL, promising safe and efficient knowledge acquisition by RL agents. However, OMRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Min Wang , Xin Li , Mingzhong Wang , Hasnaa Bennis

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-focused machine learning paradigm that collaboratively trains models directly on edge devices. Simulation plays an essential role in FL adoption, helping develop novel aggregation and client sampling…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Lorenzo Sani , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão , Alex Iacob , Wanru Zhao , Xinchi Qiu , Yan Gao , Javier Fernandez-Marques , Nicholas Donald Lane

Federated learning has attracted increasing attention with the emergence of distributed data. While extensive federated learning algorithms have been proposed for the non-convex distributed problem, federated learning in practice still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Xidong Wu , Feihu Huang , Zhengmian Hu , Heng Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in natural language processing. The impracticality of full fine-tuning has prompted Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), optimizing low-rank matrices A and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiayu Huang , Xiaohu Wu , Tiantian He , Qicheng Lao

Machine learning algorithms emerge as a promising approach in energy fields, but its practical is hindered by data barriers, stemming from high collection costs and privacy concerns. This study introduces a novel federated learning (FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Weike Peng , Jiaxin Gao , Yuntian Chen , Shengwei Wang

Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity as a fine-tuning approach for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to its low resource requirements and good performance. While a plethora of work has investigated improving LoRA serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Minghao Yan , Zhuang Wang , Zhen Jia , Shivaram Venkataraman , Yida Wang

Federated learning (FL) facilitates the secure utilization of decentralized images, advancing applications in medical image recognition and autonomous driving. However, conventional FL faces two critical challenges in real-world deployment:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shiwei Lu , Yuhang He , Jiashuo Li , Qiang Wang , Yihong Gong

This paper investigates federated learning (FL) in a multi-hop communication setup, such as in constellations with inter-satellite links. In this setup, part of the FL clients are responsible for forwarding other client's results to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sourav Mukherjee , Nasrin Razmi , Armin Dekorsy , Petar Popovski , Bho Matthiesen

Stochastic approximation with multiple coupled sequences (MSA) has found broad applications in machine learning as it encompasses a rich class of problems including bilevel optimization (BLO), multi-level compositional optimization (MCO),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Mingchen Li , Pranay Sharma , Samet Oymak

Federated Learning (FL) is designed as a decentralized, privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their data. In real-world scenarios, however, clients often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Maulidi Adi Prasetia , Muhamad Risqi U. Saputra , Guntur Dharma Putra

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely used for federated fine-tuning. Yet under non-IID settings, it can substantially underperform full-parameter fine-tuning. Through with-high-probability robustness analysis, we uncover that this gap can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hongyi Peng , Han Yu , Xiaoxiao Li , Qiang Yang