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Most recently, researchers have started building large language models (LLMs) powered data systems that allow users to analyze unstructured text documents like working with a database because LLMs are very effective in extracting attributes…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zhaoze Sun , Qiyan Deng , Chengliang Chai , Kaisen Jin , Xinyu Guo , Han Han , Ye Yuan , Guoren Wang , Lei Cao

Recent studies have proposed leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as information retrievers through query rewriting. However, for challenging corpora, we argue that enhancing queries alone is insufficient for robust semantic matching;…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jingming Liu , Yumeng Li , Wei Shi , Yao-Xiang Ding , Hui Su , Kun Zhou

Extracting alphanumeric data from form-like documents such as invoices, purchase orders, bills, and financial documents is often performed via vision (OCR) and learning algorithms or monolithic pipelines with limited potential for systemic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ayesha Amjad , Saurav Sthapit , Tahir Qasim Syed

With over 200 million published academic documents and millions of new documents being written each year, academic researchers face the challenge of searching for information within this vast corpus. However, existing retrieval systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Gengchen Wei , Xinle Pang , Tianning Zhang , Yu Sun , Xun Qian , Chen Lin , Han-Sen Zhong , Wanli Ouyang

One technique to improve the retrieval effectiveness of a search engine is to expand documents with terms that are related or representative of the documents' content.From the perspective of a question answering system, this might comprise…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Rodrigo Nogueira , Wei Yang , Jimmy Lin , Kyunghyun Cho

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) is a practical yet challenging task, which is to ask questions based on documents while referring to multiple pages and different modalities of information, e.g, images and tables. To handle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Chelsi Jain , Yiran Wu , Yifan Zeng , Jiale Liu , S hengyu Dai , Zhenwen Shao , Qingyun Wu , Huazheng Wang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) enable intuitive visual search using natural language queries. However, improving their performance often requires fine-tuning and scaling to larger model variants. In this work, we propose a mechanism…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Bulat Khaertdinov , Mirela Popa , Nava Tintarev

Retrieval augmentation is critical when Language Models (LMs) exploit non-parametric knowledge related to the query through external knowledge bases before reasoning. The retrieved information is incorporated into LMs as context alongside…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Mingzhu Wang , Yuzhe Zhang , Qihang Zhao , Junyi Yang , Hong Zhang

In this paper, we systematically study the potential of pre-training with Large Language Model(LLM)-based document expansion for dense passage retrieval. Concretely, we leverage the capabilities of LLMs for document expansion, i.e. query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Guangyuan Ma , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Zijia Lin , Songlin Hu

Relevance modeling between queries and items stands as a pivotal component in commercial search engines, directly affecting the user experience. Given the remarkable achievements of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kaixin Wu , Yixin Ji , Zeyuan Chen , Qiang Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Hong Liu , Baijun Ji , Jia Xu , Zhongyi Liu , Jinjie Gu , Yuan Zhou , Linjian Mo

The text retrieval is the task of retrieving similar documents to a search query, and it is important to improve retrieval accuracy while maintaining a certain level of retrieval speed. Existing studies have reported accuracy improvements…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yuichi Sasazawa , Kenichi Yokote , Osamu Imaichi , Yasuhiro Sogawa

Dense retrieval (DR) approaches based on powerful pre-trained language models (PLMs) achieved significant advances and have become a key component for modern open-domain question-answering systems. However, they require large amounts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Xiaoyu Shen , Svitlana Vakulenko , Marco del Tredici , Gianni Barlacchi , Bill Byrne , Adrià de Gispert

Automating information extraction from form-like documents at scale is a pressing need due to its potential impact on automating business workflows across many industries like financial services, insurance, and healthcare. The key challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Beliz Gunel , Navneet Potti , Sandeep Tata , James B. Wendt , Marc Najork , Jing Xie

The Retrieval-Augmented Language Model (RALM) has shown remarkable performance on knowledge-intensive tasks by incorporating external knowledge during inference, which mitigates the factual hallucinations inherited in large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yuan Xia , Jingbo Zhou , Zhenhui Shi , Jun Chen , Haifeng Huang

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) for zero-shot document ranking is done in one of two ways: (1) prompt-based re-ranking methods, which require no further training but are only feasible for re-ranking a handful of candidate documents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Query rewrite, which aims to generate more efficient queries by altering a SQL query's structure without changing the query result, has been an important research problem. In order to maintain equivalence between the rewritten query and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Zhaodonghui Li , Haitao Yuan , Huiming Wang , Gao Cong , Lidong Bing

As data retrieval demands become increasingly complex, traditional search methods often fall short in addressing nuanced and conceptual queries. Vector similarity search has emerged as a promising technique for finding semantically similar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Md Riyadh , Muqi Li , Felix Haryanto Lie , Jia Long Loh , Haotian Mi , Sayam Bohra

This paper proposes LayoutLLM, a more flexible document analysis method for understanding imaged documents. Visually Rich Document Understanding tasks, such as document image classification and information extraction, have gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Masato Fujitake

In the field of information retrieval, Query Likelihood Models (QLMs) rank documents based on the probability of generating the query given the content of a document. Recently, advanced large language models (LLMs) have emerged as effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Shengyao Zhuang , Bing Liu , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Recent studies show that Generative Relevance Feedback (GRF), using text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs), can enhance the effectiveness of query expansion. However, LLMs can generate irrelevant information that harms retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Iain Mackie , Ivan Sekulic , Shubham Chatterjee , Jeffrey Dalton , Fabio Crestani
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