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We perform a careful study of the infrared sector of massless non-abelian gauge theories in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime using the covariant phase space formalism, taking into account the boundary contributions arising from the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-17 Temple He , Prahar Mitra

Boundaries in gauge field theories are known to be the locus of a wealth of interesting phenomena, as illustrated for example by the holographic principle or by the AdS/CFT and bulk-boundary correspondences. In particular, it has been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-28 Marc Geiller

This article presents the lattice-smeared gravity phase space reduction defined by the cosmological gauge-fixing conditions. These conditions are specified to reduce the SU(2) symmetry and the spatial diffeomorphism invariance of the loop…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-28 Jakub Bilski

We develop a framework based on the covariant phase space formalism that identifies gravitational edge modes as dynamical reference frames. They enable the identification of the associated spacetime region and the imposition of boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-08-14 Sylvain Carrozza , Stefan Eccles , Philipp A. Hoehn

We investigate the asymptotic symmetries of General Relativity at spatial infinity within the first-order formalism described by the Holst action. Employing the covariant phase space method, we propose a set of relaxed boundary conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-03 Sepideh Bakhoda , Hongguang Liu

We study the covariant phase space of vacuum general relativity at the null boundary of causal diamonds. The past and future components of such a null boundary each have an infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra consisting of diffeomorphisms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-12 Venkatesa Chandrasekaran , Kartik Prabhu

We present a detailed analysis of gravity in a partial Bondi gauge, where only the three conditions $g_{rr}=0=g_{rA}$ are fixed. We relax in particular the so-called determinant condition on the transverse metric, which is only assumed to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-16 Marc Geiller , Céline Zwikel

The surface charge algebra of generic asymptotically locally (A)dS$_4$ spacetimes without matter is derived without assuming any boundary conditions. Surface charges associated with Weyl rescalings are vanishing while the boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-02 Geoffrey Compère , Adrien Fiorucci , Romain Ruzziconi

We focus on weak inhomogeneous models of the Universe at low redshifts, described by the Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric. The principal aim of this work is to compare the evolution of inhomogeneous perturbations in the $\Lambda$CDM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-20 Tiziano Schiavone , Giovanni Montani

We revisit the covariant phase space formalism applied to gravitational theories with null boundaries, utilizing the most general boundary conditions consistent with a fixed null normal. To fix the ambiguity inherent in the Wald-Zoupas…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-21 Venkatesa Chandrasekaran , Antony J. Speranza

We derive the asymptotic solutions for vacuum spacetimes with non-zero cosmological constant $\Lambda$, using the Newman-Penrose formalism. Our approach is based exclusively on the physical spacetime, i.e. we do not explicitly deal with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-09 Vee-Liem Saw

Four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes have been central to recent developments in infrared physics. Gravitational waves reaching the asymptotic boundary reveal an infinite-dimensional symmetry group known as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-19 Florian Girelli , Jianhui Qiu , Céline Zwikel

We propose a new set of BMS charges at null infinity, characterized by a super-translation flux that contains only the `hard' term. This is achieved with a specific corner improvement of the symplectic 2-form, and we spell the conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-21 Antoine Rignon-Bret , Simone Speziale

A new local, covariant ``counter-term'' is used to construct a variational principle for asymptotically flat spacetimes in any spacetime dimension $ d \ge 4$. The new counter-term makes direct contact with more familiar background…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Robert B. Mann , Donald Marolf

We construct covariant theories incorporating fluctuating boundaries and soft cutoffs by introducing dynamical reference frames (DRFs). This framework generalizes the covariant action from a hard-cutoff to a soft-cutoff formulation,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-18 Kang Liu , Wei Guo , Xiao-Mei Kuang

These notes are an introduction to asymptotic symmetries in gauge theories, with a focus on general relativity in four dimensions. We explain how to impose consistent sets of boundary conditions in the gauge fixing approach and how to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-05 Romain Ruzziconi

We use covariant phase space methods to study the metric and tetrad formulations of General Relativity in a manifold with boundary and compare the results obtained in both approaches. Proving their equivalence has been a long-lasting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-28 J. Fernando Barbero G. , Juan Margalef-Bentabol , Valle Varo , Eduardo J. S. Villaseñor

Scalar QFT on the boundary $\Im^+$ at null infinity of a general asymptotically flat 4D spacetime is constructed using the algebraic approach based on Weyl algebra associated to a BMS-invariant symplectic form. The constructed theory is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Dappiaggi , V. Moretti , N. Pinamonti

We construct a Lorentz invariant massive particle model in (2+1) space-time with an enlarged set of symmetries which includes Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) translations (supertranslations), using the non-linear realization framework. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-10-23 Carles Batlle , Víctor Campello , Joaquim Gomis

The gauge/string dualities have drawn attention to a class of variational problems on a boundary at infinity, which are not well defined unless a certain boundary term is added to the classical action. In the context of supergravity in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-17 Ioannis Papadimitriou