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In this article it will be introduced a new theorem, can be considered a generalization of Hellmann-Feynman theorem[1]. The latter used in conjunction with the quantization of the free energy[2] of a quantum system allows to derive…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-02 S. Selenu

We analyze the process of thermalization, dynamics and the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) for the single impurity Anderson model, focusing on the Kondo regime. For this we construct the complete eigenbasis of the Hamiltonian…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 I. Weymann , J. von Delft , A. Weichselbaum

In this paper we provide a universal description of the behavior of the basic operators of the Schwarzian theory in pure states. When the pure states are energy eigenstates, expectation values of non-extensive operators are thermal. On the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Pranjal Nayak , Julian Sonner , Manuel Vielma

We propose a generalization of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis accounting for the emergence of symmetry-breaking phases. It consists of two conditions that any system with a degenerate spectrum must fulfill in order to thermalize.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Sebastián Gómez , Ángel L. Corps , Armando Relaño

Nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) is a quasistationary state, in which exist currents that continuously produce entropy, but the local observables are stationary everywhere. We propose a theory of NESS under the framework of quantum chaos.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-03-30 Pei Wang

Eigenstate thermalization has played a prominent role as a determiner of the validity of quantum statistical mechanics since von Neumann's early works on quantum ergodicity. However, its connection to the dynamical process of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Amit Vikram

We study the unitary dynamics and the thermalization properties of free-fermion-like Hamiltonians after a sudden quantum quench, extending the results of S. Ziraldo et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 247205 (2012)]. With analytical and numerical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-02-22 Simone Ziraldo , Giuseppe E. Santoro

Currently there are two main approaches to describe how quantum statistical physics emerges from an isolated quantum many-body system in a pure state: Canonical Typicality (CT) and Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). These two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-31 Anatoly Dymarsky , Hong Liu

We analyze a simple model of quantum dynamics, which is a discrete-time deterministic version of the Frederickson-Andersen model. We argue that this model is integrable, with a quasiparticle description related to the classical hard-rod…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-22 Sarang Gopalakrishnan

The irreversibility and thermalization of many-body systems can be attributed to the erasure of spread non-equilibrium state information by local operations. This thermalization mechanism can be demonstrated by the sequence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Xue-Yi Guo

We study the emergence over time of a universal, uniform distribution of quantum states supported on a finite subsystem, induced by projectively measuring the rest of the system. Dubbed deep thermalization, this phenomenon represents a form…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-04 Matteo Ippoliti , Wen Wei Ho

We consider conditions under which an isolated quantum system approaches a microcanonical equilibrium state. A key component is the eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis, which proposes that all energy eigenstates appear thermal. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Joe Dunlop , Oliver Cohen , Anthony J. Short

Thermalization in open systems coupled to macroscopic environments is usually analyzed from the perspective of relaxation of the reduced state of the system to the equilibrium state. Less emphasis is given to the change of the state of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-19 Krzysztof Ptaszynski , Massimiliano Esposito

Recently, it was understood that modified concepts of locality played an important role in the study of extended quantum systems out of equilibrium, in particular in so-called generalized Gibbs ensembles. In this paper, we rigorously study…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 Benjamin Doyon

We consider the thermalization hypothesis of pure states in quantum Ising chain with $Z_2$ symmetry, XXZ chain with $U(1)$ symmetry, and XXX chain with $SU(2)$ symmetries. Two kinds of pure states are considered: the energy eigenstates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Feng-Li Lin , Jhh-Jing Hong , Ching-Yu Huang

We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the thermalization of a local observable in a closed quantum system which offers an alternative explanation, independent of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, for the thermalization…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-11 J. Sirker , N. P. Konstantinidis , F. Andraschko , N. Sedlmayr

We demonstrate a generalized notion of eigenstate thermalization for translation-invariant quasifree fermionic models: the vast majority of eigenstates satisfying a finite number of suitable constraints (e.g. fixed energy and particle…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-18 Jonathon Riddell , Markus P. Mueller

Absence of thermalization after a global quantum quench is a well-established numerical observation in integrable many-body systems, and can be empirically related to a violation of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in such…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-14 Peter Reimann , Christian Eidecker-Dunkel

Eigenstate thermalization refers to the property that an energy eigenstate of a many-body system is indistinguishable from a thermal equilibrium ensemble at the same energy as far as expectation values of local observables are concerned. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-25 Lennart Dabelow , Christian Eidecker-Dunkel , Peter Reimann

The issue of thermalization in open quantum systems is explored from the perspective of fermion models with quadratic couplings and linear baths. Both the thermodynamic state and the stationary solution of the Lindblad equation are rendered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-16 Jose Reslen
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