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The dynamics of a gravitational wave propagating through a cosmic gauge field are dramatically different than in vacuum. We show that a gravitational wave acquires an effective mass, is birefringent, and its normal modes are a linear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 R. R. Caldwell , C. Devulder , N. A. Maksimova

We investigate the properties of gravitational waves generated by heating induced phase transitions in warm inflation. In this scenario, the heating phase of inflation followed by subsequent cosmological cooling can trigger two associated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Xiao-Bin Sui , Jing Liu , Rong-Gen Cai

We present analytic results for the gravitational wave power spectrum induced in models where the inflaton is coupled to a fermionic pseudocurrent. We show that although such a coupling creates helically polarized fermions, the polarized…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 Peter Adshead , Lauren Pearce , Marco Peloso , Michael A. Roberts , Lorenzo Sorbo

I will review briefly how inflation is expected to generate a stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). Then, I will discuss how such GWs can be enhanced by a stiff period following inflation, enough to be observable. I…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-03 Konstantinos Dimopoulos

We discuss the production of primordial gravitational waves (GW) from radiative inflaton decay during the period of reheating, assuming perturbative decay of the inflaton either into a pair of bosons or fermions, leading to successful…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-26 Basabendu Barman , Nicolás Bernal , Yong Xu , Óscar Zapata

We present a comprehensive analysis of the preheating dynamics and associated gravitational wave signatures in the Higgs--$R^2$ inflationary model. Using lattice simulations, we investigate the post-inflationary evolution of the system…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 Jinsu Kim , Zihao Yang , Ying-li Zhang

We make use of classical lattice simulations in 3 + 1 dimensions to study the preheating stage of Higgs Inflation in Einstein-Cartan gravity. Focusing for concreteness on a simplified scenario involving the seminal Nieh-Yan term, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-02 Matteo Piani , Javier Rubio

We investigate how perturbative reheating after inflation modifies the primordial gravitational wave (GW) spectrum generated by cosmological phase transitions. Within a specific inflationary setup, we show that the thermodynamic quantities…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Basabendu Barman , Maciej Kierkla , Marek Lewicki , Marco Merchand

Gravitational waves (GWs) from gravitational three-body decay (graviton Bremsstrahlung process) can leave an indelible signal at ultrahigh frequencies. We focus on a scenario where superheavy particles are produced gravitationally at a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Ryoto Inui , Yusuke Mikura , Shuichiro Yokoyama

Long-lived heavy particles present during the big bang could have a decay channel opened by gravitons. Such decays can produce gravitational waves with large enough abundance to be detectable, and a peculiar narrow spectrum peaked today…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-20 Giacomo Landini , Alessandro Strumia

The gauge dependence of the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) generated at the second order imposes a challenge to the discussion of the secondary gravitational waves generated by scalar perturbations. We provide a general formula…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-12-15 Yizhou Lu , Arshad Ali , Yungui Gong , Jiong Lin , Fengge Zhang

In the instant preheating scenario efficient particle production occurs immediately following the period of inflationary expansion in the early Universe. We demonstrate that instant preheating predicts unique gravitational wave (GW) signals…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-11 Wei-Yu Hu , Kazunori Nakayama , Volodymyr Takhistov , Yong Tang

We compute the gravitational wave spectrum from a tachyonic preheating transition of a Standard Model-like SU(2)-Higgs system. Tachyonic preheating involves exponentially growing IR modes, at scales as large as the horizon. Such a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-11 Anders Tranberg , Sara Tähtinen , David J. Weir

We study primordial gravitational waves (GWs) generated from first-order phase transitions (PTs) during cosmic reheating. Using a minimal particle physics model, and a general parametrization of the inflaton energy density and the evolution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 Amitayus Banik , Nicolás Bernal , Fazlollah Hajkarim

We study production of gravitational waves (GWs) in strongly supercooled cosmological phase transitions in gauge theories. We extract from two-bubble lattice simulations the scaling of the GW source, and use it in many-bubble simulations in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-18 Marek Lewicki , Ville Vaskonen

Global second-order phase transitions are expected to produce scale-invariant gravitational wave spectra. In this manuscript we explore the dynamics of a symmetry-breaking phase transition using lattice simulations. We explicitly calculate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 John T. Giblin , Larry R. Price , Xavier Siemens , Brian Vlcek

The low frequency part of the gravitational wave spectrum generated by local physics, such as a phase transition or parametric resonance, is largely fixed by causality, offering a clean window into the early Universe. In this work, this low…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-17 Anson Hook , Gustavo Marques-Tavares , Davide Racco

We calculate the gravitational wave spectrum generated by sound waves during a cosmological phase transition, incorporating several advancements beyond the current state-of-the-art. Rather than relying on the bag model or similar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-24 Chi Tian , Xiao Wang , Csaba Balázs

We investigate the generation of gravitational waves in the hybrid quintessential inflationary model. The full gravitational-wave energy spectrum is calculated using the method of continuous Bogoliubov coefficients. The post-inflationary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-13 Paulo M. Sá , Alfredo B. Henriques

The spectrum of the gravitational wave background originating from quantum fluctuations during inflation is calculated numerically for various inflation models over a wide range of frequencies. We take into account four ingredients : the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-05-04 Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Takeshi Chiba , Naoshi Sugiyama