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During inflation long wavelength gravitational waves are produced, which form stochastic background in the present universe with very wide range of frequencies. Higher frequency gravitational waves never experience super-Hubble-radius…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-04 Kamil Mudrunka , Kazunori Nakayama

The reheating of the universe after hybrid inflation proceeds through the nucleation and subsequent collision of large concentrations of energy density in the form of bubble-like structures moving at relativistic speeds. This generates a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-29 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Daniel G. Figueroa

The reheating of the universe after hybrid inflation proceeds through the nucleation and subsequent collision of large concentrations of energy density in the form of bubble-like structures moving at relativistic speeds. This generates a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Daniel G. Figueroa , Alfonso Sastre

The process of reheating the universe after hybrid inflation is extremely violent. It proceeds through the nucleation and subsequent collision of large concentrations of energy density in bubble-like structures, which generate a significant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Daniel G. Figueroa

We study the observable implications of an incomplete first order phase transition during inflation. In such a phase transition, the nucleated bubbles do not percolate and instead are continuously produced until the onset of reheating. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-20 Joel Barir , Michael Geller , Chen Sun , Tomer Volansky

Oscillons are dense objects that may be copiously produced in the preheating period after inflation, during which what role general relativity might play is largely unknown. We investigate the oscillon preheating scenario in full general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-12-08 Xiao-Xiao Kou , Chi Tian , Shuang-Yong Zhou

During or towards the end of inflation, the Standard Model (SM) Higgs forms a condensate with a large amplitude. Following inflation, the condensate oscillates, decaying non-perturbatively into the rest of the SM species. The resulting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-01 Daniel G. Figueroa , Juan García-Bellido , Francisco Torrentí

The detection of primordial gravitational waves would offer a direct evidence of inflation and valuable insights into the dynamics of the early universe. During post-inflation reheating period, when the inflaton coherently oscillates at the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-06 Diganta Das , Mihika Sanghi , Sourav

Gravitational waves were copiously produced in the early Universe whenever the processes taking place were sufficiently violent. The spectra of several of these gravitational wave backgrounds on subhorizon scales have been extensively…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-30 Elisa Fenu , Daniel G. Figueroa , Ruth Durrer , Juan Garcia-Bellido

We study the scalar and tensor perturbations generated by the fragmentation of the inflaton condensate into oscillons or transients after inflation, using nonlinear classical lattice simulations. Without including the backreaction of metric…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-12 Kaloian D. Lozanov , Mustafa A. Amin

The gravitational wave equations form a parametric resonance system during oscillatory reheating after inflation, when cast in terms of the electric and magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor. This is in direct analogy with preheating. For…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 Bruce A. Bassett

A variety of mechanisms in the early Universe lead to the generation of gravitational waves (GWs). We introduce here a novel source of GWs generated by vacuum fluctuations after inflation. Given that gravitons are minimally coupled…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-09 Alina Mierna , Gabriele Perna , Sabino Matarrese , Nicola Bartolo , Angelo Ricciardone

We study the inflationary gravitational wave background induced by Abelian gauge fields generated by non-minimal kinetic and axial couplings to the inflaton. We show that, up to slow-roll corrections, for coupling functions that share the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Martin Teuscher , Ruth Durrer , Killian Martineau , Aurélien Barrau

We study gravitational wave production in an expanding Universe during the first stages following inflation, and investigate the consequences of the Gauss-Bonnet term on the inflationary parameters for a power-law inflation model with a GB…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 K. El Bourakadi , M. Ferricha-Alami , H. Filali , Z. Sakhi , M. Bennai

Under certain conditions, the oscillating inflaton condensate filling the Universe after inflation can fragment and form so-called oscillons. These long-lived soliton-like field configurations can dominate the Universe for several $e$-folds…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-19 Kaloian D. Lozanov , Misao Sasaki , Jan Tränkle

We study gravitational wave production from gauge preheating in a variety of inflationary models, detailing its dependence on both the energy scale and the shape of the potential. We show that preheating into Abelian gauge fields…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Peter Adshead , John T. Giblin , Mauro Pieroni , Zachary J. Weiner

We investigate two classes of inflationary models, which lead to a stiff period after inflation that boosts the signal of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). In both families of models studied, we consider an oscillating scalar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-10 Chao Chen , Konstantinos Dimopoulos , Cem Eröncel , Anish Ghoshal

Whether or not the primordial gravitational wave (GW) produced during inflation is sufficiently strong to be observable, GWs are necessarily produced from the primordial curvature perturbations in the second order of perturbation. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-02 Kazunori Kohri , Takahiro Terada

In this work, we systematically study gravitational wave (GW) production during both the inflationary and post-inflationary epochs. While inflationary GWs can be readily derived from tensor perturbations during inflation, post-inflationary…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-23 Xun-Jie Xu , Yong Xu , Qiqin Yin , Junyu Zhu

Large excursion of the inflaton field can trigger interesting dynamics. One important example is a first-order phase transition in a spectator sector which couples to the inflaton. Gravitational waves (GWs) from such a first-order phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-13 Haipeng An , Kun-Feng Lyu , Lian-Tao Wang , Siyi Zhou