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Multiplicative fading is a major limitation of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), restricting their effective coverage in both existing sub-6GHz systems and future mmWave networks. Although active RIS architectures mitigate this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Aparna V C , Shashank Shekhar , Sheetal Kalyani

Sensing-assisted communication schemes have recently garnered significant research attention. In this work, we design a dual-function reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), integrating both active and passive elements, referred to as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Cheng Luo , Luping Xiang , Jie Hu , Kun Yang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been regarded as a promising technique due to its high array gain and low power. However, the traditional passive RIS suffers from the ``double fading'' effect, which has restricted the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Hao Xie , Dong Li

Active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are a novel and promising technology that allows controlling the radio propagation environment while compensating for the product path loss along the RIS-assisted path. In this letter, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Mohamed Rihan , Emanuele Grossi , Luca Venturino , Stefano Buzzi

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) are emerging as promising enablers for the next generation of wireless communication systems, because of their ability to customize favorable radio propagation environments. However, with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Dongfang Xu , Xianghao Yu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Robert Schober

A wireless communication system is studied that operates in the presence of multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). In particular, a multi-operator environment is considered where each operator utilizes an RIS to enhance its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Nikolaos I. Miridakis , Theodoros A. Tsiftsis , Panagiotis A. Karkazis , Helen C. Leligou , Petar Popovski

Active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have recently been proposed to compensate for the severe multiplicative fading effect of conventional passive RIS-aided systems. Each reflecting element of active RISs is assisted by an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Gui Zhou , Cunhua Pan , Hong Ren , Dongfang Xu , Zaichen Zhang , Jiangzhou Wang , Robert Schober

Different from conventional passive reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), incident signals and thermal noise can be amplified at active RISs. By exploiting the amplifying capability of active RISs, noticeable performance improvement…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jinho Yang , Hyeongtaek Lee , Junil Choi

Fluid Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (FRISs) are gaining momentum as an improved alternative over classical RIS. However, it remains unclear whether their performance gains can be entirely attributed to spatial flexibility, or instead…

Owing to the recent advancements of meta-materials and meta-surfaces, the concept of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been embraced to meet the spectral- and energy-efficient, and yet cost-effective solutions for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Yulan Gao , Yue Xiao , Xianfu Lei , Qiaonan Zhu , Dusit Niyato , Kai-Kit Wong , Pingzhi Fan , Rose Qingyang Hu

Distinguishing between reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted paths and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths is a fundamental problem for RIS-assisted integrated sensing and communication. In this work, we propose a pattern alternation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Zeyu Huang , Stefan Schwarz , Bashar Tahir , Markus Rupp

A novel hybrid active-passive reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) transmitter enabled downlink multi-user communication system is investigated. Specifically, RISs are exploited to serve as transmitter antennas, where each element can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Ao Huang , Xidong Mu , Li Guo , Guangyu Zhu

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising solution for enabling energy-efficient and flexible spectrum usage in wireless communication, particularly in the context of sixth-generation (6G) networks. While…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Farjam Karim , Deepak Kumar , Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Arthur Sousa de Sena , Matti-Latva-aho

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a cost- and energy-efficient solution to enhance the wireless communication capacity. However, recent studies show that a very large surface is required for a RIS-assisted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Quang-Doanh Vu , Kyungchun Lee , Markku Juntti

The emerging reflecting intelligent surface (RIS) technology promises to enhance the capacity of wireless communication systems via passive reflect beamforming. However, the product path loss limits its performance gains. Fully-connected…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Konstantinos Ntougias , Symeon Chatzinotas , Ioannis Krikidis

Wireless-powered communications (WPCs) are increasingly crucial for extending the lifespan of low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Furthermore, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) can create favorable electromagnetic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Waqas Khalid , A. -A. A. Boulogeorgos , Trinh Van Chien , Junse Lee , Howon Lee , Heejung Yu

This paper considers an antenna structure where a (non-large) array of radiating elements is placed at short distance in front of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), herein nicknamed reconfigurable intelligent base station (RIBS).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Giovanni Interdonato , Francesca Di Murro , Carmen D'Andrea , Giovanni Di Gennaro , Stefano Buzzi

A double self-sustainable reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) assisted multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system is investigated. Two RISs are equipped with energy harvesting circuit to achieve self-sustainable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Ji Wang , Suhong Luo , Yixuan Li , Wenwu Xie , Xingwang Li , Arumugam Nallanathan

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are anticipated to transform wireless communication in a way that is both economical and energy efficient. Revealing the practical power consumption characteristics of RISs can provide an essential…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Jinghe Wang , Wankai Tang , Shi Jin , Xiao Li , Michail Matthaiou

Thanks to the recent advances in metamaterials, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a promising technology for future 6G wireless communications. Benefiting from its high array gain, low cost, and low power consumption,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Zijian Zhang , Linglong Dai