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Landauer's principle introduces a symmetry between computational and physical processes: erasure of information, a logically irreversible operation, must be underlain by an irreversible transformation dissipating energy. Monitoring micro-…

Landauer's principle states that erasing a bit of information at fixed temperature T costs at least kT ln 2 units of work. Here we investigate erasure at varying temperature, to which Landauer's result does not apply. We formulate bit…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-29 Stephen Whitelam

As quantum photonic hardware scales toward computationally relevant sizes, energy consumption has emerged as a key constraint. Programmable photonic integrated circuits, composed of interferometer meshes with tunable phase modulators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Maria Carolina Volpato , Gabriel da Silva Sampaio , Pierre-Louis de Assis

A milestone in the field of quantum computing will be solving problems in quantum chemistry and materials faster than state-of-the-art classical methods. The current understanding is that achieving quantum advantage in this area will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Guoming Wang , Daniel Stilck França , Ruizhe Zhang , Shuchen Zhu , Peter D. Johnson

Validating whether a quantum device confers a computational advantage often requires classical simulation of its outcomes. The worst-case sampling cost of $L_1$-norm based simulation has plateaued at $\le(2+\sqrt{2})\xi_t \delta^{-1}$ in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-02 Lucas Kocia , Genele Tulloch

Landauer's limit on heat dissipation during information erasure is critical as devices shrink, requiring optimal pure-state preparation to minimise errors. However, Nernst's third law states this demands infinite resources in energy, time,…

Despite significant progress in quantum computing in recent years, executing quantum circuits for practical problems remains challenging due to error-prone quantum hardware. Hence, quantum error correction becomes essential but induces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Tobias Forster , Nils Quetschlich , Mathias Soeken , Robert Wille

Erasing memory is a fundamental operational task in quantum information processing, governed by Landauer's principle, which links information loss to thermodynamic work. We introduce and analyze assisted quantum erasure, where correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Mir Alimuddin , Nathan Shettell , Raja Yehia , Antonio Acín , Federico Centrone

Measurements and feedback are essential in the control of any device operating at the quantum scale and exploiting the features of quantum physics. As the number of quantum components grows, it becomes imperative to consider the energetic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-11 Kais Abdelkhalek , Yoshifumi Nakata , David Reeb

Conventional computing has many sources of heat dissipation, but one of these--the Landauer limit--poses a fundamental lower bound of 1 bit of entropy per bit erased. 'Reversible Computing' avoids this source of dissipation, but is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Hannah Earley

While it has been widely recognized that genuine quantum advantage for practical problems might only be achieved with fault-tolerant quantum computers, it is still not entirely clear whether the required quantum error correction will be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Josey Stevens , Sebastian Deffner

In this paper we consider the problem of minimizing the ancillary systems required to realize an arbitrary strategy of a quantum protocol, with the assistance of classical memory. For this purpose we introduce the notion of memory cost of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-13 Alessandro Bisio , Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti , Michal Sedlak

While recent breakthroughs in quantum computing promise the nascence of the quantum information age, quantum states remain delicate to control. Moreover, the required energy budget for large scale quantum applications has only sparely been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Maxwell Aifer , Sebastian Deffner

Landauer's principle provides a perspective on the physical meaning of information as well as on the minimum working cost of information processing. Whereas most studies have related the decrease in entropy during a computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-18 Kazunari Hashimoto , Bassano Vacchini , Chikako Uchiyama

Quantum annealing (QA) is a method for solving combinatorial optimization problems. We can estimate the computational time for QA using the adiabatic condition. The adiabatic condition consists of two parts: an energy gap and a transition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Hiroshi Hayasaka , Takashi Imoto , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Shiro Kawabata

We study the visible compression of a source E of pure quantum signal states, or, more formally, the minimal resources per signal required to represent arbitrarily long strings of signals with arbitrarily high fidelity, when the compressor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Patrick Hayden , Richard Jozsa , Andreas Winter

Erasure of information stored in a quantum state requires energy cost and is inherently an irreversible operation. If quantumness of a system is physical, does erasure of quantum correlation as measured by discord also need some energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-24 Arun Kumar Pati

The quantum measurement problem is revisited and discussed in terms of a new solvable measurement model which basic ingredient is the quantum model of a controlled single-bit memory. The structure of this model involving strongly coupled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-22 Robert Alicki

Estimating the ground state energy of a multiparticle system with relative error $\e$ using deterministic classical algorithms has cost that grows exponentially with the number of particles. The problem depends on a number of state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-23 Anargyros Papageorgiou , Iasonas Petras , Joseph F. Traub , Chi Zhang

Landauer's principle states that erasure of each bit of information in a system requires at least a unit of energy $k_B T \ln 2$ to be dissipated. In return, the blank bit may possibly be utilized to extract usable work of the amount $k_B T…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 A. Mert Bozkurt , Baris Pekerten , Inanc Adagideli