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Related papers: A Quantum Internet Architecture

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The Quantum Skip Gate (QSG) is a unitary circuit primitive that coherently superposes the execution and omission of an expensive quantum subroutine based on the outcome of a cheaper preceding subroutine, without mid-circuit measurement or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Kym Derriman

Quantum computers are capable of efficiently contracting unitary tensor networks, a task that is likely to remain difficult for classical computers. For instance, networks based on matrix product states or the multi-scale entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 Galit Anikeeva , Isaac H. Kim , Patrick Hayden

Entanglement is unanimously recognized as the key communication resource of the Quantum Internet. Yet, the possibility of implementing novel network functionalities by exploiting the marvels of entanglement has been poorly investigated so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Si-Yi Chen , Jessica Illiano , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Marcello Caleffi

Networked entanglement is an essential component for a plethora of quantum computation and communication protocols. Direct transmission of quantum signals over long distances is prevented by fibre attenuation and the no-cloning theorem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Simon J. Devitt , Andrew D. Greentree , Ashley M. Stephens , Rodney Van Meter

Quantum computing has promised significant improvement in solving difficult computational tasks over classical computers. Designing quantum circuits for practical use, however, is not a trivial objective and requires expert-level knowledge.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-14 Esther Ye , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Quantum communications harness quantum phenomena like superposition and entanglement to enhance information transfer between remote nodes. Coherent quantum communications, essential for phase-based quantum internet architecture, require…

We introduce the concept of Quantum Ping (QPing) as a diagnostic primitive for future quantum networks, designed to assess whether two or more end nodes can establish practical quantum entanglement with efficient resource consumption,…

Quantum routers (QRouters) are essential components of bucket-brigade quantum random access memory (QRAM), enabling quantum applications such as Grover's search and quantum machine learning. Despite significant theoretical advances,…

Quantum networks are becoming increasingly important because of advancements in quantum computing and quantum sensing, such as recent developments in distributed quantum computing and federated quantum machine learning. Routing entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Tobias Meuser , Jannis Weil , Aninda Lahiri , Marius Paraschiv

The quantum internet is a rapidly developing technological reality, yet, it remains unclear what kind of quantum network structures might emerge. Since indirect quantum communication is already feasible and preserves absolute security of…

Quantum networks will be able to service consumers with long-distance entanglement by use of quantum repeaters that generate Bell pairs (or links) with their neighbors, iid with probability $p$ and perform Bell State Measurements (BSMs) on…

Scaling quantum computers, i.e., quantum processing units (QPUs) to enable the execution of large quantum circuits is a major challenge, especially for applications that should provide a quantum advantage over classical algorithms. One…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Leo Sünkel , Jonas Stein , Jonas Nüßlein , Tobias Rohe , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

We present a static framework for analysing quantum routing protocols that we call the \textit{cost-vector formalism}. Here, quantum networks are recast as multi-graphs where edges represent two-qubit entanglement resources that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Hudson Leone , Nathaniel R. Miller , Deepesh Singh , Nathan K. Langford , Peter P. Rohde

In this paper, we discuss how certain radio access network optimization problems can be modelled using the concept of constraint satisfaction problems in artificial intelligence, and solved at scale using a quantum computer. As a case…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Furqan Ahmed , Petri Mähönen

Quantum communication brings radically new capabilities that are provably impossible to attain in any classical network. Here, we take the first step from a physics experiment to a fully fledged quantum internet system. We propose a…

Towards realizing the future quantum internet, a pivotal milestone entails the transition from two-node proof-of-principle experiments conducted in laboratories to comprehensive, multi-node setups on large scales. Here, we report on the…

Developing and deploying advanced Quantum Repeater (QR) technologies will be necessary to scale quantum networks to longer distances. Depending on the error mitigation mechanisms adopted to suppress loss and errors, QRs are typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Chuen Hei Chan , Charu Jain , Ezra Kissel , Wenji Wu , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou , Inder Monga

Future quantum internet aims to enable quantum communication between arbitrary pairs of distant nodes through the sharing of end-to-end entanglement, a universal resource for many quantum applications. As in classical networks, quantum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Paolo Fittipaldi , Anastasios Giovanidis , Frédéric Grosshans

Quantum networks facilitate numerous applications such as secure communication and distributed quantum computation by performing entanglement distribution. Multi-user quantum applications where quantum information is shared between multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Evan Sutcliffe , Alejandra Beghelli

The realization of a quantum network node of matter-based qubits compatible with telecom-band operation and large-scale quantum information processing is an outstanding challenge that has limited the potential of elementary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-06 William Huie , Shankar G. Menon , Hannes Bernien , Jacob P. Covey