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Many real-world applications pose challenges in incorporating fairness constraints into the $k$-center clustering problem, where the dataset consists of $m$ demographic groups, each with a specified upper bound on the number of centers to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Longkun Guo , Zeyu Lin , Chaoqi Jia , Chao Chen

Center-based clustering techniques are fundamental in some areas of machine learning such as data summarization. Generic $k$-center algorithms can produce biased cluster representatives so there has been a recent interest in fair $k$-center…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jinxiang Gan , Mordecai Golin , Zonghan Yang , Yuhao Zhang

We introduce the aggregated clustering problem, where one is given $T$ instances of a center-based clustering task over the same $n$ points, but under different metrics. The goal is to open $k$ centers to minimize an aggregate of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Jonathan Conroy , Ankita Sarkar

As machine learning has become more prevalent, researchers have begun to recognize the necessity of ensuring machine learning systems are fair. Recently, there has been an interest in defining a notion of fairness that mitigates…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Sara Ahmadian , Alessandro Epasto , Marina Knittel , Ravi Kumar , Mohammad Mahdian , Benjamin Moseley , Philip Pham , Sergei Vassilvitskii , Yuyan Wang

The advent of ML-driven decision-making and policy formation has led to an increasing focus on algorithmic fairness. As clustering is one of the most commonly used unsupervised machine learning approaches, there has naturally been a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-30 Abhisek Chakraborty , Anirban Bhattacharya , Debdeep Pati

We present approximation algorithms for some variants of center-based clustering and related problems in the fully dynamic setting, where the pointset evolves through an arbitrary sequence of insertions and deletions. Specifically, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Paolo Pellizzoni , Andrea Pietracaprina , Geppino Pucci

We study the canonical fair clustering problem where each cluster is constrained to have close to population-level representation of each group. Despite significant attention, the salient issue of having incomplete knowledge about the group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sharmila Duppala , Juan Luque , John P. Dickerson , Seyed A. Esmaeili

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised machine learning, and fair variants of it have recently received significant attention due to its societal implications. In this work we introduce a novel definition of individual fairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Darshan Chakrabarti , John P. Dickerson , Seyed A. Esmaeili , Aravind Srinivasan , Leonidas Tsepenekas

We propose a simple and efficient clustering method for high-dimensional data with a large number of clusters. Our algorithm achieves high-performance by evaluating distances of datapoints with a subset of the cluster centres. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Georgios Exarchakis , Omar Oubari , Gregor Lenz

An instance of colorful k-center consists of points in a metric space that are colored red or blue, along with an integer k and a coverage requirement for each color. The goal is to find the smallest radius \r{ho} such that there exist…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Xinrui Jia , Kshiteej Sheth , Ola Svensson

Incorporating fairness constructs into machine learning algorithms is a topic of much societal importance and recent interest. Clustering, a fundamental task in unsupervised learning that manifests across a number of web data scenarios, has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Deepak P , Savitha Sam Abraham

Given their widespread usage in the real world, the fairness of clustering methods has become of major interest. Theoretical results on fair clustering show that fairness enjoys transitivity: given a set of small and fair clusters, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Mattia Setzu , Riccardo Guidotti

Due to the growing concern about unsavory behaviors of machine learning models toward certain demographic groups, the notion of 'fairness' has recently drawn much attention from the community, thereby motivating the study of fairness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Minh Phu Vuong , Young-Ju Lee , Iván Ojeda-Ruiz , Chul-Ho Lee

We study the $k$-median with discounts problem, wherein we are given clients with non-negative discounts and seek to open at most $k$ facilities. The goal is to minimize the sum of distances from each client to its nearest open facility…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Shichuan Deng

Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC) algorithms are extensively utilized in modern data science, and seek to partition the dataset into clusters while generating a hierarchical relationship between the data samples. HAC algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Anshuman Chhabra , Prasant Mohapatra

We give a local search based algorithm for $k$-median and $k$-means (and more generally for any $k$-clustering with $\ell_p$ norm cost function) from the perspective of individual fairness. More precisely, for a point $x$ in a point set $P$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sepideh Mahabadi , Ali Vakilian

Many algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor search in high-dimensional spaces partition the data into clusters. At query time, in order to avoid exhaustive search, an index selects the few (or a single) clusters nearest to the query…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-09-27 Romain Tavenard , Laurent Amsaleg , Hervé Jégou

We study the problem of finding low-cost Fair Clusterings in data where each data point may belong to many protected groups. Our work significantly generalizes the seminal work of Chierichetti et.al. (NIPS 2017) as follows. - We allow the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Suman K. Bera , Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Nicolas J. Flores , Maryam Negahbani

Center-based clustering has attracted significant research interest from both theory and practice. In many practical applications, input data often contain background knowledge that can be used to improve clustering results. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Longkun Guo , Chaoqi Jia , Kewen Liao , Zhigang Lu , Minhui Xue

Fairness of decision-making algorithms is an increasingly important issue. In this paper, we focus on spectral clustering with group fairness constraints, where every demographic group is represented in each cluster proportionally as in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Francesco Tonin , Alex Lambert , Johan A. K. Suykens , Volkan Cevher