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When agents interact with a complex environment, they must form and maintain beliefs about the relevant aspects of that environment. We propose a way to efficiently train expressive generative models in complex environments. We show that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Karol Gregor , Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Frederic Besse , Yan Wu , Hamza Merzic , Aaron van den Oord

According to a mainstream position in contemporary cognitive science and philosophy, the use of abstract compositional concepts is both a necessary and a sufficient condition for the presence of genuine thought. In this article, we show how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Katja Ried , Benjamin Eva , Thomas Müller , Hans J. Briegel

Deep reinforcement-learning methods have achieved remarkable performance on challenging control tasks. Observations of the resulting behavior give the impression that the agent has constructed a generalized representation that supports…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Sam Witty , Jun Ki Lee , Emma Tosch , Akanksha Atrey , Michael Littman , David Jensen

Forecasting from partial observations is central to world modeling. Many recent methods represent the world through images, and reduce forecasting to stochastic video generation. Although such methods excel at realism and visual fidelity,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Gabrijel Boduljak , Yushi Lan , Christian Rupprecht , Andrea Vedaldi

How does the neocortex learn and develop the foundations of all our high-level cognitive abilities? We present a comprehensive framework spanning biological, computational, and cognitive levels, with a clear theoretical continuity between…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-15 Randall C. O'Reilly , Dean R. Wyatte , John Rohrlich

In this paper we introduce a general estimation methodology for learning a model of human perception and control in a sensorimotor control task based upon a finite set of demonstrations. The model's structure consists of i the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Ran Wei , Anthony D. McDonald , Alfredo Garcia , Gustav Markkula , Johan Engstrom , Matthew O'Kelly

Forecasting over Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) which predicts future facts based on historical ones has received much attention. Recent studies have introduced Large Language Models (LLMs) for this task to enhance the models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Long Bai , Zixuan Li , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng , Tat-Seng Chua

The ultimate navigation efficiency of mobile robots in human environments will depend on how we will appraise them: merely as impersonal machines or as human-like agents. In the latter case, an agent may take advantage of the cooperative…

The pursuit of general intelligence has traditionally centered on external objectives: an agent's control over its environments or mastery of specific tasks. This external focus, however, can produce specialized agents that lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Hanqi Zhou , Fryderyk Mantiuk , David G. Nagy , Charley M. Wu

Knowledge Graph (KG) is a graph based data structure to represent facts of the world where nodes represent real world entities or abstract concept and edges represent relation between the entities. Graph as representation for knowledge has…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Manita Pote

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can enable agents to learn complex tasks. However, it is difficult to interpret the knowledge and reuse it across tasks. Inductive biases can address such issues by explicitly providing generic yet useful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Thomas Schnürer , Malte Probst , Horst-Michael Gross

This paper reviews the architecture and implementation methods of agents powered by large language models (LLMs). Motivated by the limitations of traditional LLMs in real-world tasks, the research aims to explore patterns to develop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Victor de Lamo Castrillo , Habtom Kahsay Gidey , Alexander Lenz , Alois Knoll

A fundamental feature of human intelligence is that we accumulate and transfer knowledge as a society and across generations. We describe here a network architecture for the human brain that may support this feature and suggest that two key…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-19 Eric C. Wong

The unsupervised Pretraining method has been widely used in aiding human action recognition. However, existing methods focus on reconstructing the already present frames rather than generating frames which happen in future.In this paper, We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Yu Runsheng , Shi Zhenyu , Ma Qiongxiong , Qing Laiyun

In this paper, we propose a new approach to building a artificial general intelligence with self awareness, which includes: (1) a new method to implement attention mechanisms; (2) a way to give machines self-demands; (3) how to form a value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yongcong Chen , Ting Zeng , Xingyue Chen

The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence requires accurate forecasts and means to understand the reasoning of artificial intelligence models behind such a forecast. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to provide cues…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Jože M. Rožanec , Patrik Zajec , Klemen Kenda , Inna Novalija , Blaž Fortuna , Dunja Mladenić

Recent visual generation models have made major progress in photorealism, typography, instruction following, and interactive editing, yet they still struggle with spatial reasoning, persistent state, long-horizon consistency, and causal…

A fairly reliable trend in deep reinforcement learning is that the performance scales with the number of parameters, provided a complimentary scaling in amount of training data. As the appetite for large models increases, it is imperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Bogdan Mazoure , Walter Talbott , Miguel Angel Bautista , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Josh Susskind

Learning disentangled and interpretable representations is an important step towards accomplishing comprehensive data representations on the manifold. In this paper, we propose a novel representation learning algorithm which combines the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Fei Ye , Adrian G. Bors

An AI agent might surprisingly find she has reached an unknown state which she has never been aware of -- an unknown unknown. We mathematically ground this scenario in reinforcement learning: an agent, after taking an action calculated from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Juntian Zhu , Miguel de Carvalho , Zhouwang Yang , Fengxiang He