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Reinforcement learning (RL) systems have countless applications, from energy-grid management to protein design. However, such real-world scenarios are often extremely difficult, combinatorial in nature, and require complex coordination…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) applications in real-world scenarios must prioritize safety and reliability, which impose strict constraints on agent behavior. Model-based RL leverages predictive world models for action planning and policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Artem Latyshev , Gregory Gorbov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Existing agents for solving tasks such as ML engineering rely on prompting powerful language models. As a result, these agents do not improve with more experience. In this paper, we show that agents backed by weaker models that improve via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Sherry Yang , Joy He-Yueya , Percy Liang

Buildings account for 40% of global energy consumption. A considerable portion of building energy consumption stems from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), and thus implementing smart, energy-efficient HVAC systems has the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-05 Fredrik Hagström , Vikas Garg , Fabricio Oliveira

Fairness-aware learning aims at satisfying various fairness constraints in addition to the usual performance criteria via data-driven machine learning techniques. Most of the research in fairness-aware learning employs the setting of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Pratik Gajane , Akrati Saxena , Maryam Tavakol , George Fletcher , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Reinforcement learning (RL) can be a powerful alternative to classical control methods when standard model-based control is insufficient, e.g., when deriving a suitable model is intractable or impossible. In many cases, however, the choice…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Victor Schulte , Michael Eichelbeck , Matthias Althoff

This article addresses the pump-scheduling optimization problem to enhance real-time control of real-world water distribution networks (WDNs). Our primary objectives are to adhere to physical operational constraints while reducing energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Harsh Patel , Yuan Zhou , Alexander P Lamb , Shu Wang , Jieliang Luo

The aim of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real-world applications is to create systems capable of making autonomous decisions by learning from their environment through trial and error. This paper emphasizes the importance of reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Sinan Ibrahim , Mostafa Mostafa , Ali Jnadi , Hadi Salloum , Pavel Osinenko

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have emerged as a promising paradigm for intelligent systems that perceive and interact with graphical interfaces visually. Yet supervised fine-tuning alone cannot handle long-horizon credit assignment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Junan Hu , Jian Liu , Jingxiang Lai , Jiarui Hu , Yiwei Sheng , Shuang Chen , Jian Li , Dazhao Du , Song Guo

Goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL), related to a set of complex RL problems, trains an agent to achieve different goals under particular scenarios. Compared to the standard RL solutions that learn a policy solely depending on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Minghuan Liu , Menghui Zhu , Weinan Zhang

Deep learning has enabled traditional reinforcement learning methods to deal with high-dimensional problems. However, one of the disadvantages of deep reinforcement learning methods is the limited exploration capacity of learning agents. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Thanh Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

The building sector consumes the largest energy in the world, and there have been considerable research interests in energy consumption and comfort management of buildings. Inspired by recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL), this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Donghwan Lee , Niao He , Seungjae Lee , Panagiota Karava , Jianghai Hu

The ability of an AI agent to assist other agents, such as humans, is an important and challenging goal, which requires the assisting agent to reason about the behavior and infer the goals of the assisted agent. Training such an ability by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Antti Keurulainen , Isak Westerlund , Samuel Kaski , Alexander Ilin

Metascheduling in time-triggered architectures has been crucial in adapting to dynamic and unpredictable environments, ensuring the reliability and efficiency of task execution. However, traditional approaches face significant challenges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Samer Alshaer , Ala Khalifeh , Roman Obermaisser

Currently, traffic signal control (TSC) methods based on reinforcement learning (RL) have proven superior to traditional methods. However, most RL methods face difficulties when applied in the real world due to three factors: input, output,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Haoyuan Jiang , Xuantang Xiong , Ziyue Li , Hangyu Mao , Guanghu Sui , Jingqing Ruan , Yuheng Cheng , Hua Wei , Wolfgang Ketter , Rui Zhao

With deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods achieving results that exceed human capabilities in games, robotics, and simulated environments, continued scaling of RL training is crucial to its deployment in solving complex real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Ahmet Inci , Evgeny Bolotin , Yaosheng Fu , Gal Dalal , Shie Mannor , David Nellans , Diana Marculescu

The multiagent-based participatory simulation features prominently in urban planning as the acquired model is considered as the hybrid system of the domain and the local knowledge. However, the key problem of generating realistic agents for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Soma Suzuki

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for autonomously acquiring complex behaviors from low level sensor observations. Although a large portion of deep RL research has focused on applications in video games…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Julian Ibarz , Jie Tan , Chelsea Finn , Mrinal Kalakrishnan , Peter Pastor , Sergey Levine

Increasing energy efficiency in buildings can reduce costs and emissions substantially. Historically, this has been treated as a local, or single-agent, optimization problem. However, many buildings utilize the same types of thermal…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Hussain Kazmi , Johan Suykens , Johan Driesen

Recent progress in AI and Reinforcement learning has shown great success in solving complex problems with high dimensional state spaces. However, most of these successes have been primarily in simulated environments where failure is of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Bharat Prakash , Mohit Khatwani , Nicholas Waytowich , Tinoosh Mohsenin