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What are the fundamental limits and advantages of using a catalyst to aid thermodynamic transformations between quantum systems? In this work, we answer this question by focusing on transformations between energy-incoherent states under the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Jakub Czartowski , A. de Oliveira Junior

Determining whether a given state can be transformed into a target state using free operations is one of the fundamental questions in the study of resources theories. Free operations in resource theories can be enhanced by allowing for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Roberto Rubboli , Marco Tomamichel

The study of thermal operations allows one to investigate the ultimate possibilities of quantum states and of nanoscale thermal machines. Whilst fairly general, these results typically do not apply to continuous variable systems and do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 A. Serafini , M. Lostaglio , S. Longden , U. Shackerley-Bennett , C. -Y. Hsieh , G. Adesso

Thermal operations are a generic description for allowed state transitions under thermodynamic restrictions. However, the quest for simpler methods to encompass all these processes remains unfulfilled. We resolve this challenge through the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-16 Jeongrak Son , Nelly H. Y. Ng

The majorization relation has found numerous applications in mathematics, quantum information and resource theory, and quantum thermodynamics, where it describes the allowable transitions between two physical states. In many cases, when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 David Elkouss , Ananda G. Maity , Aditya Nema , Sergii Strelchuk

We investigate catalysis in the framework of elementary thermal operations, leveraging the distinct features of such operations to illuminate catalytic dynamics. As groundwork, we establish new technical tools that enhance the computability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Jeongrak Son , Nelly H. Y. Ng

The class of possible thermodynamic conversions can be extended by introducing an auxiliary system called catalyst, which assists state conversion while remaining its own state unchanged. We reveal a complete characterization of catalytic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 Naoto Shiraishi , Takahiro Sagawa

The laws of thermodynamics are usually formulated under the assumption of infinitely large environments. While this idealization facilitates theoretical treatments, real physical systems are always finite and their interaction range is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 Ivan Henao , Raam Uzdin

Quantum thermodynamics is a research field that aims at fleshing out the ultimate limits of thermodynamic processes in the deep quantum regime. A complete picture of quantum thermodynamics allows for catalysts, i.e., systems facilitating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Nelly Huei Ying Ng , Laura Mančinska , Cristina Cirstoiu , Jens Eisert , Stephanie Wehner

Catalytic coherence transformations allow the otherwise impossible state transformations using only incoherent operations with the aid of an auxiliary system with finite coherence which is not being consumed in anyway. Here we find the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-21 Kaifeng Bu , Uttam Singh , Junde Wu

The generalized second laws of quantum thermodynamics are usually formulated in terms of R\'enyi divergences and the associated family of generalized free energies. In catalytic thermal transformations, this framework typically certifies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Ali Can Günhan , Onur Pusuluk , Thomas Oikonomou , G. Baris Bagci

Catalysts are quantum systems that open up dynamical pathways between quantum states which are otherwise inaccessible under a given set of operational restrictions while, at the same time, they do not change their quantum state. We here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Lauritz van Luijk , Reinhard F. Werner , Henrik Wilming

Quantum catalysis is a fascinating concept which demonstrates that certain transformations can only become possible when given access to a specific resource that has to be returned unaffected. It was first discovered in the context of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Patryk Lipka-Bartosik , Paul Skrzypczyk

Proving thermalization from the unitary evolution of a closed quantum system is one of the oldest questions that is still nowadays only partially resolved. Several efforts have led to various formulations of what is called the eigenstate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Christian Bertoni , Clara Wassner , Giacomo Guarnieri , Jens Eisert

Understanding the fundamental limits of state convertibility is crucial for establishing the boundaries of quantum information processing and thermodynamic efficiency. While auxiliary systems, catalysts, can facilitate otherwise impossible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Jingsong Ao , Aby Philip , Alexander Streltsov

Quantum thermodynamics can be naturally phrased as a theory of quantum state transformation and energy exchange for small-scale quantum systems undergoing thermodynamical processes, thereby making the resource theoretical approach very well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Uttam Singh , Jarosław K. Korbicz , Nicolas J. Cerf

Catalysis refers to the possibility of enabling otherwise inaccessible quantum state transitions by supplying an auxiliary system, provided that the auxiliary is returned to its initial state at the end of the protocol. We show that…

In this short review article, we present recent progress in quantum thermodynamics in the framework with a correlated catalyst. We examine two key properties of thermal operations, the Gibbs preserving property and the covariant property.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Naoto Shiraishi

In this work, we show how Gibbs or thermal states appear dynamically in closed quantum many-body systems, building on the program of dynamical typicality. We introduce a novel perturbation theorem for physically relevant weak system-bath…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-13 Arnau Riera , Christian Gogolin , Jens Eisert

Quantum resource manipulation may include an ancillary state called a catalyst, which aids the transformation while restoring its original form at the end, and characterizing the enhancement enabled by catalysts is essential to reveal the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Ryuji Takagi , Naoto Shiraishi
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