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Related papers: Intergroup violence in bursts

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Inhomogeneous temporal processes in natural and social phenomena have been described by bursts that are rapidly occurring events within short time periods alternating with long periods of low activity. In addition to the analysis of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-08-26 Hang-Hyun Jo , Juan I. Perotti , Kimmo Kaski , Janos Kertesz

The effects of social groups on pedestrian dynamics, especially in evacuation scenarios, have attracted some interest recently. However, due to the lack of reliable empirical data, most of the studies focussed on modelling aspects. It was…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-07-18 Cornelia von Krüchten , Frank Müller , Anton Svachiy , Oliver Wohak , Andreas Schadschneider

A general model for opinion formation and competition, like in ideological struggles is formulated. The underlying set is a closed one, like a country but in which the population size is variable in time. Several ideologies compete to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 Nikolay K. Vitanov , Zlatinka I. Dimitrova , Marcel Ausloos

One of the main challenges online social systems face is the prevalence of antisocial behavior, such as harassment and personal attacks. In this work, we introduce the task of predicting from the very start of a conversation whether it will…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Justine Zhang , Jonathan P. Chang , Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil , Lucas Dixon , Yiqing Hua , Nithum Thain , Dario Taraborelli

People leverage group discussions to collaborate in order to solve complex tasks, e.g. in project meetings or hiring panels. By doing so, they engage in a variety of conversational strategies where they try to convince each other of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Georgi Karadzhov , Tom Stafford , Andreas Vlachos

Human activities increasingly take place in online environments, providing novel opportunities for relating individual behaviours to population-level outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a simple generative model for the collective…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-24 James P. Gleeson , Davide Cellai , Jukka-Pekka Onnela , Mason A. Porter , Felix Reed-Tsochas

Information diffusion on social networks has been described as a collective outcome of threshold behaviors in the framework of threshold models. However, since the existing models do not take into account individuals' optimization problem,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-09-08 Teruyoshi Kobayashi

We develop a theory for the emergence of global firings in non-identical excitable systems subject to noise. Three different dynamical regimes arise: sub-threshold motion, where all elements remain confined near the fixed point; coherent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-05-27 C. J. Tessone , A. Scire , R. Toral , P. Colet

The combined effects of collective beliefs and individual stubbornness in the dynamic of a public debate are investigated using the Galam sequential probabilistic model of opinion dynamics. The study is focused on pair interactions for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-06-14 Serge Galam

The state-of-the art solutions for human activity understanding from a video stream formulate the task as a spatio-temporal problem which requires joint localization of all individuals in the scene and classification of their actions or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Mahsa Ehsanpour , Alireza Abedin , Fatemeh Saleh , Javen Shi , Ian Reid , Hamid Rezatofighi

People are influenced by the choices of others, a phenomenon observed across contexts in the social and behavioral sciences. Social influence can lock in an initial popularity advantage of an option over a higher quality alternative. Yet…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-09 Alexandros Gelastopoulos , Pantelis P. Analytis , Gaël Le Mens , Arnout van de Rijt

We expect that democracy enables us to utilize collective intelligence such that our collective decisions build and enhance social welfare, and such that we accept their distributive and normative consequences. Collective decisions are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-06 Jan Lorenz , Martin Neumann

Strongly opinionated minorities can have a dramatic impact on the opinion dynamics of a large population. Two factions of inflexible minorities, polarised into two competing opinions, could lead the entire population to persistent…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Andreagiovanni Reina , Raina Zakir , Giulia De Masi , Eliseo Ferrante

If you search for 'collective behaviour' with your web browser most of the texts popping up will be about group activities of humans, including riots, fashion and mass panic. Nevertheless, collective behaviour is also considered to be an…

General Physics · Physics 2010-07-05 Tamás Vicsek

Collective movement is observed widely in nature, where individuals interact locally to produce globally ordered, coherent motion. In typical models of collective motion, each individual takes the average direction of multiple neighbors,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-23 Yogesh Kumar KC , Arshed Nabeel , Srikanth Iyer , Vishwesha Guttal

Bursty dynamics characterizes systems that evolve through short active periods of several events, which are separated by long periods of inactivity. Systems with such temporal heterogeneities are not only found in nature but also include…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-19 Márton Karsai , Hang-Hyun Jo

Opinion dynamics have fascinated researchers for centuries. The ability of societies to learn as well as the emergence of irrational {\it herding} are equally evident. The simplest example is that of agents that have to determine a binary…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Amir Leshem , Anna Scaglione

Social scientists have criticised computer models of pedestrian streams for their treatment of psychological crowds as mere aggregations of individuals. Indeed most models for evacuation dynamics use analogies from physics where pedestrians…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-07-13 I. von Sivers , A. Templeton , F. Künzner , G. Köster , J. Drury , A. Philippides , T. Neckel , H. -J. Bungartz

Societies change through time, entailing changes in behaviors and institutions. We ask how social change occurs when behaviors and institutions are interdependent. We model a group-structured society in which the transmission of individual…

The bystander effect is a social psychological phenomenon in which individuals are less likely to help a person potentially in need if there are others present. Sociologists and psychologists have proposed multiple plausible reasons for the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-13 Tiffanie Ng , Sara M Clifton