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Continual acquisition of novel experience without interfering previously learned knowledge, i.e. continual learning, is critical for artificial neural networks, but limited by catastrophic forgetting. A neural network adjusts its parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Liyuan Wang , Bo Lei , Qian Li , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Yi Zhong

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing through their remarkable capabilities in understanding and executing diverse tasks. While supervised fine-tuning, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yuqing Huang , Rongyang Zhang , Qimeng Wang , Chengqiang Lu , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Xuyang Zhi , Guiquan Liu , Xin Li , Hao Wang , Enhong Chen

General-purpose learning systems should improve themselves in open-ended fashion in ever-changing environments. Conventional learning algorithms for neural networks, however, suffer from catastrophic forgetting (CF), i.e., previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Kazuki Irie , Róbert Csordás , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Catastrophic forgetting is a longstanding challenge in continual learning, where models lose knowledge from earlier tasks when learning new ones. While various mitigation strategies have been proposed for Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohammad Marufur Rahman , Guanchu Wang , Kaixiong Zhou , Minghan Chen , Fan Yang

Continual learning is an essential capability of human cognition, yet it poses significant challenges for current deep learning models. The primary issue is that new knowledge can interfere with previously learned information, causing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Eric Nuertey Coleman , Luigi Quarantiello , Samrat Mukherjee , Julio Hurtado , Vincenzo Lomonaco

A fundamental challenge in developing general learning algorithms is their tendency to forget past knowledge when adapting to new data. Addressing this problem requires a principled understanding of forgetting; yet, despite decades of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ben Sanati , Thomas L. Lee , Trevor McInroe , Aidan Scannell , Nikolay Malkin , David Abel , Amos Storkey

Continual learning aims to sequentially learn new tasks without forgetting previous tasks' knowledge (catastrophic forgetting). One factor that can cause forgetting is the interference between the gradients on losses from different tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xueying Bai , Jinghuan Shang , Yifan Sun , Niranjan Balasubramanian

In this paper, we present a simple yet surprisingly effective technique to induce "selective amnesia" on a backdoored model. Our approach, called SEAM, has been inspired by the problem of catastrophic forgetting (CF), a long standing issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Rui Zhu , Di Tang , Siyuan Tang , XiaoFeng Wang , Haixu Tang

The goal of continual learning (CL) is to learn a sequence of tasks without suffering from the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting. Previous work has shown that leveraging memory in the form of a replay buffer can reduce performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Sayna Ebrahimi , Suzanne Petryk , Akash Gokul , William Gan , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Marcus Rohrbach , Trevor Darrell

A growing body of research in continual learning focuses on the catastrophic forgetting problem. While many attempts have been made to alleviate this problem, the majority of the methods assume a single model in the continual learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Thang Doan , Seyed Iman Mirzadeh , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Continual learning (CL) refers to a machine learning paradigm that learns continuously without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Thereby, major difficulty in CL is catastrophic forgetting of preceding tasks, caused by shifts in data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Stella Ho , Ming Liu , Lan Du , Longxiang Gao , Yong Xiang

Continual Learning is considered a key step toward next-generation Artificial Intelligence. Among various methods, replay-based approaches that maintain and replay a small episodic memory of previous samples are one of the most successful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Guangji Bai , Chen Ling , Yuyang Gao , Liang Zhao

In real-world applications, learning-enabled systems often undergo iterative model development to address challenging or emerging tasks, which involve collecting new data, training a new model and validating the model. This continual model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Gang Li , Wendi Yu , Yao Yao , Wei Tong , Yingbin Liang , Qihang Lin , Tianbao Yang

Adapting a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent to an unseen environment is a difficult task due to typical over-fitting on the training environment. RL agents are often capable of solving environments very close to the trained environment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Olivier Moulin , Vincent Francois-Lavet , Paul Elbers , Mark Hoogendoorn

In most machine learning algorithms, training data is assumed to be independent and identically distributed (iid). When it is not the case, the algorithm's performances are challenged, leading to the famous phenomenon of catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Timothée Lesort , Andrei Stoian , David Filliat

Existing literature in Continual Learning (CL) has focused on overcoming catastrophic forgetting, the inability of the learner to recall how to perform tasks observed in the past. There are however other desirable properties of a CL system,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Tom Veniat , Ludovic Denoyer , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Recent studies on catastrophic forgetting during sequential learning typically focus on fixing the accuracy of the predictions for a previously learned task. In this paper we argue that the outputs of neural networks are subject to rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yuwen Xiong , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun

The ability to learn different tasks sequentially is essential to the development of artificial intelligence. In general, neural networks lack this capability, the major obstacle being catastrophic forgetting. It occurs when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Kaustubh Olpadkar , Ekta Gavas

We study class-incremental learning, a training setup in which new classes of data are observed over time for the model to learn from. Despite the straightforward problem formulation, the naive application of classification models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Ahmet Iscen , Thomas Bird , Mathilde Caron , Alireza Fathi , Cordelia Schmid

Lifelong learning with deep neural networks is well-known to suffer from catastrophic forgetting: the performance on previous tasks drastically degrades when learning a new task. To alleviate this effect, we propose to leverage a large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Kibok Lee , Kimin Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee