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In this PhD thesis, I investigate the properties of symmetry-breaking dynamical phase transitions that manifest in the fluctuations of time-integrated observables within classical systems. In particular, I analyze how these phase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-04-08 Rubén Hurtado-Gutiérrez

Discrete time crystals are a special phase of matter in which time translational symmetry is broken through a periodic driving pulse. Here, we first propose and characterize an effective mechanism to generate a stable discrete time crystal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Rozhin Yousefjani , Krzysztof Sacha , Abolfazl Bayat

A time crystal is a state of periodically driven matter which breaks discrete time translation symmetry. Time crystals have been demonstrated experimentally in various programmable quantum simulators and exemplify how non-equilibrium,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-03-21 Andrew Stasiuk , Paola Cappellaro

The study of classical waves in time-periodic systems is experiencing a resurgence of interest, motivated by their rich physics and the new engineering opportunities they enable, with several analogies to parallel efforts in other branches…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-04 Francesco Monticone , Dimitrios Sounas , Matteo Ciabattoni

Photonic time crystals are a class of artificial materials that have only recently been explored. They are characterized by the ultrafast modulation of the material properties in time, causing a momentum bandgap for light that propagates…

The engineering of new states of matter through Floquet driving has revolutionized the field of condensed matter physics. This technique enables the creation of hybrid topological states and ordered phases that are absent in normal systems.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-05-18 Christopher Sims

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is well understood under equilibrium conditions as a consequence of the singularity of the thermodynamic limit. How a single global orientation of the order parameter dynamically emerges from an initially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Jasper van Wezel

Time-variant systems have recently garnered considerable attention due to their unique potentials in manipulating electromagnetic waves. Here, a novel class of topological spacetime crystals is introduced, with a traveling-wave modulation…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-24 João C. Serra , Mário G. Silveirinha

Crystals are a state of matter characterised by periodic order. Yet crystalline materials can harbour disorder in many guises, such as non-repeating variations in composition, atom displacements, bonding arrangements, molecular…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-12-03 Arkadiy Simonov , Andrew L. Goodwin

We study discrete time crystal formation in a system driven periodically by an oscillating atomic mirror, consisting of two distinct ultracold atomic clouds in the presence of a gravitational field. The intra-species interactions are weak…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-06-30 Weronika Golletz , Krzysztof Sacha

Time crystals are systems that spontaneously break time-translation symmetry, exhibiting repeating patterns in time. Recent work has shown that non-Hermitian Floquet systems can host a time crystalline phase with quasi-long-range order. In…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-03-31 Weihua Xie , Michael Kolodrubetz , Vadim Oganesyan , Daniel P. Arovas

Discrete time crystals are novel phases of matter that break the discrete time translational symmetry of a periodically driven system. In this work, we propose a classical system of weakly-nonlinear parametrically-driven coupled oscillators…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-31 Stuart Yi-Thomas , Jay D. Sau

A discrete time crystal (DTC) repeats itself with a rigid rhythm, mimicking a ticking clock set by the interplay between its internal structures and an external force. DTCs promise profound applications in precision time-keeping and other…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-07-22 Changyuan Lyu , Sayan Choudhury , Chenwei Lv , Yangqian Yan , Qi Zhou

We observe that space- and time-crystallization effects in multicomponent superfluids---while having the same physical origin and mathematical description as in the single-component case---are conceptually much more straightforward.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-22 Nikolay Prokof'ev , Boris Svistunov

Time crystals are a peculiar state of matter. Their emergence hinges on ergodicity breaking, which typically originates from many-body localization or Floquet prethermalization. Here we propose a novel scheme for devising robust dissipative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Haowei Li , Wei Yi

We examined the Brownian motion of point defects in a two-dimensional hexagonal colloidal crystal, going beyond the conventional treatment that assumes constant diffusion coefficients. By extracting the spatially varying drift vector and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-18 Huang Xicheng , Liu Zefei , Chen Yong-Cong , Yang Guohong , Ao Ping

Many measurements on soft condensed matter (e.g., biological and materials) systems track low-dimensional observables projected from the full system phase space as a function of time. Examples are dynamic structure factors, spectroscopic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-03 Alessio Lapolla , Jeremy C. Smith , Aljaž Godec

We present the theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of discrete time translations as recently realized in the space-time crystals of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The non-equilibrium physics related to such a…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-11-10 J. N. Stehouwer , J. Smits , P. van der Straten , H. T. C. Stoof

The existence of quantum time crystals is investigated and shown to be possible in pure phases defined by a state invariant under a group of space translations, as displayed by explicit examples.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-16 Franco Strocchi , Carlo Heissenberg

A recently introduced active phase field crystal model describes the formation of ordered resting and traveling crystals in systems of self-propelled particles. Increasing the active drive, a resting crystal can be forced to perform…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-02-18 Andreas M. Menzel , Takao Ohta , Hartmut Löwen