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The rapid emergence of generative Language Models (LMs) has led to growing concern about the impacts that their unexamined adoption may have on the social well-being of diverse user groups. Meanwhile, LMs are increasingly being adopted in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Faye-Marie Vassel , Evan Shieh , Cassidy R. Sugimoto , Thema Monroe-White

Key global challenges of our times are characterized by complex interdependencies and can only be effectively addressed through an integrated, participatory effort. Conventional risk analysis frameworks often reduce complexity to ensure…

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities for leveraging artificial intelligence in a variety of application domains, including cybersecurity. As the volume and sophistication of cyber threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hanxiang Xu , Shenao Wang , Ningke Li , Kailong Wang , Yanjie Zhao , Kai Chen , Ting Yu , Yang Liu , Haoyu Wang

The application of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has gained significant attention due to their ability to process complex medical data and provide insights for clinical decision-making. These models have demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Amna Khalid , Ayma Khalid , Umar Khalid

Large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry, owing to their unprecedented performance in various applications. As LLMs continue to play a vital role in both research and daily use, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yupeng Chang , Xu Wang , Jindong Wang , Yuan Wu , Linyi Yang , Kaijie Zhu , Hao Chen , Xiaoyuan Yi , Cunxiang Wang , Yidong Wang , Wei Ye , Yue Zhang , Yi Chang , Philip S. Yu , Qiang Yang , Xing Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational to AI advancements, facilitating applications like predictive text generation. Nonetheless, they pose risks by potentially memorizing and disseminating sensitive, biased, or copyrighted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Youyang Qu , Ming Ding , Nan Sun , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Tianqing Zhu , Dusit Niyato

The rapid integration of Generative AI (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) in sectors such as education and healthcare have marked a significant advancement in technology. However, this growth has also led to a largely unexplored…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Tri Nguyen , Huong Nguyen , Ahmad Ijaz , Saeid Sheikhi , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Panos Kostakos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently gained significant attention due to their remarkable capabilities in performing diverse tasks across various domains. However, a thorough evaluation of these models is crucial before deploying them…

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered considerable attention for their remarkable abilities in natural language processing tasks. However, their widespread adoption has raised concerns pertaining to trust and safety.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Doohee You , Dan Chon

The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities across the engineering lifecycle, including requirements engineering, software development, process optimization, and decision support. Despite this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Stefan Otten , Philipp Reis , Philipp Rigoll , Joshua Ransiek , Tobias Schürmann , Jacob Langner , Eric Sax

Education technologies (edtech) are increasingly incorporating new features built on large language models (LLMs), with the goals of enriching the processes of teaching and learning and ultimately improving learning outcomes. However, the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Emma Harvey , Allison Koenecke , Rene F. Kizilcec

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has not only provided numerous opportunities but also presented significant challenges. This becomes particularly evident when LLMs inadvertently generate harmful or toxic content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Kai Chen , Chunwei Wang , Kuo Yang , Jianhua Han , Lanqing Hong , Fei Mi , Hang Xu , Zhengying Liu , Wenyong Huang , Zhenguo Li , Dit-Yan Yeung , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

This report explores the convergence of large language models (LLMs) and cybersecurity, synthesizing interdisciplinary insights from network security, artificial intelligence, formal methods, and human-centered design. It examines emerging…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Tao Li , Ya-Ting Yang , Yunian Pan , Quanyan Zhu

Spreading dynamics is a central topic in the physics of complex systems and network science, providing a unified framework for understanding how information, behaviors, and diseases propagate through interactions among system units. In many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-10 Shuyu Jiang , Hao Ren , Yichang Gao , Yi-Cheng Zhang , Li Qi , Dayong Xiao , Jie Fan , Rui Tang , Wei Wang

As machine learning systems become increasingly embedded in society, their impact on human and nonhuman life continues to escalate. Technical evaluations have addressed a variety of potential harms from large language models (LLMs) towards…

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a major step toward artificial general intelligence, significantly advancing our ability to interact with technology. While LLMs perform well on Natural Language Processing tasks -- such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Brandon Smith , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Phillip Dawson , Sunil Aryal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been demonstrated to generate illegal or unethical responses, particularly when subjected to "jailbreak." Research on jailbreak has highlighted the safety issues of LLMs. However, prior studies have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhenhong Zhou , Jiuyang Xiang , Haopeng Chen , Quan Liu , Zherui Li , Sen Su

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) across diverse sectors has marked a transformative era, showcasing remarkable capabilities in text generation and problem-solving tasks. However, this technological advancement is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rahul Pankajakshan , Sumitra Biswal , Yuvaraj Govindarajulu , Gilad Gressel

Proper implementation of technical and administrative controls reinforces an organization's cybersecurity posture and business resilience, reduces risks, and enhances governance, ultimately elevating business maturity. The dynamics of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Gustavo Roberto Pinto , Arthur do Prado Labaki , Rodrigo Sanches Miani

The success of social media platforms has facilitated the emergence of various forms of online abuse within digital communities. This abuse manifests in multiple ways, including hate speech, cyberbullying, emotional abuse, grooming, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jose A. Diaz-Garcia , Joao Paulo Carvalho