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This paper does not describe a novel method. Instead, it studies an essential foundation for reliable benchmarking and ultimately real-world application of AI-based image analysis: generating high-quality reference annotations. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Tim Rädsch , Annika Reinke , Vivienn Weru , Minu D. Tizabi , Nicholas Heller , Fabian Isensee , Annette Kopp-Schneider , Lena Maier-Hein

Since state-of-the-art approaches to offensive language detection rely on supervised learning, it is crucial to quickly adapt them to the continuously evolving scenario of social media. While several approaches have been proposed to tackle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Elisa Leonardelli , Stefano Menini , Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Marco Guerini , Sara Tonelli

A growing body of work on visualization affordances highlights how specific design choices shape reader takeaways from information visualizations. However, mapping the relationship between design choices and reader conclusions often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Chase Stokes , Kylie Lin , Cindy Xiong Bearfield

I show that firms price almost competitively and consumers can infer product quality from prices in markets where firms differ in quality and production cost, and learning prices is costly. Bankruptcy risk or regulation links higher quality…

General Economics · Economics 2018-08-17 Sander Heinsalu

Creating datasets manually by human annotators is a laborious task that can lead to biased and inhomogeneous labels. We propose a flexible, semi-automatic framework for labeling data for relation extraction. Furthermore, we provide a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jeremias Bohn , Jannik Fischbach , Martin Schmitt , Hinrich Schütze , Andreas Vogelsang

Many machine learning systems today are trained on large amounts of human-annotated data. Data annotation tasks that require a high level of competency make data acquisition expensive, while the resulting labels are often subjective,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Emmanouil Antonios Platanios , Maruan Al-Shedivat , Eric Xing , Tom Mitchell

Systemic bias with respect to gender, race and ethnicity, often unconscious, is prevalent in datasets involving choices among individuals. Consequently, society has found it challenging to alleviate bias and achieve diversity in a way that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Hari Bandi , Dimitris Bertsimas

Most of the existing work that focus on the identification of implicit knowledge in arguments generally represent implicit knowledge in the form of commonsense or factual knowledge. However, such knowledge is not sufficient to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Keshav Singh , Naoya Inoue , Farjana Sultana Mim , Shoichi Naitoh , Kentaro Inui

Discourse-annotated corpora are an important resource for the community, but they are often annotated according to different frameworks. This makes comparison of the annotations difficult, thereby also preventing researchers from searching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Vera Demberg , Fatemeh Torabi Asr , Merel Scholman

The optimization of bidding strategies for online advertising slot auctions presents a critical challenge across numerous digital marketplaces. A significant obstacle to the development, evaluation, and refinement of real-time autobidding…

Many ways of annotating a dataset for machine learning classification tasks that go beyond the usual class labels exist in practice. These are of interest as they can simplify or facilitate the collection of annotations, while not greatly…

High-quality data is crucial for the success of machine learning, but labeling large datasets is often a time-consuming and costly process. While semi-supervised learning can help mitigate the need for labeled data, label quality remains an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Lars Schmarje , Vasco Grossmann , Tim Michels , Jakob Nazarenus , Monty Santarossa , Claudius Zelenka , Reinhard Koch

Crowdsourcing has been the prevalent paradigm for creating natural language understanding datasets in recent years. A common crowdsourcing practice is to recruit a small number of high-quality workers, and have them massively generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Mor Geva , Yoav Goldberg , Jonathan Berant

Displaying banner advertisements (in short, ads) on webpages has usually been discussed as an Internet economics topic where a publisher uses auction models to sell an online user's page view to advertisers and the one with the highest bid…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Xiang Chen , Bowei Chen , Mohan Kankanhalli

Two methodologies dominate current practices of benchmarking: rubric-based scoring evaluates items against predefined criteria, whereas comparative judgment elicits pairwise preferences between outputs. Although both methodologies are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Russell Yang , Ruishi Chen , Pierce Kelaita , Riya Ranjan , Sibo Ma , Charles Dickens , Matthew Guillod , Megan Ma , Julian Nyarko

Content creators compete for exposure on recommendation platforms, and such strategic behavior leads to a dynamic shift over the content distribution. However, how the creators' competition impacts user welfare and how the relevance-driven…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Fan Yao , Chuanhao Li , Denis Nekipelov , Hongning Wang , Haifeng Xu

People are rated and ranked, towards algorithmic decision making in an increasing number of applications, typically based on machine learning. Research on how to incorporate fairness into such tasks has prevalently pursued the paradigm of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Preethi Lahoti , Krishna P. Gummadi , Gerhard Weikum

Crowdsourcing has become very popular among the machine learning community as a way to obtain labels that allow a ground truth to be estimated for a given dataset. In most of the approaches that use crowdsourced labels, annotators are asked…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-09 Iker Beñaran-Muñoz , Jerónimo Hernández-González , Aritz Pérez

Information sharing among organizations has been gaining attention as a method for improving cybersecurity. However, the associated disclosure costs act as deterrents for firms' voluntary cooperation. In this work, we take a game-theoretic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Parinaz Naghizadeh , Mingyan Liu

In large organisations, identifying experts on a given topic is crucial in leveraging the internal knowledge spread across teams and departments. So-called enterprise expert retrieval systems automatically discover and structure employees'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jens-Joris Decorte , Jeroen Van Hautte , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester