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Complex-valued neural networks are not a new concept, however, the use of real-valued models has often been favoured over complex-valued models due to difficulties in training and performance. When comparing real-valued versus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Nils Mönning , Suresh Manandhar

This paper studies the novel concept of weight correlation in deep neural networks and discusses its impact on the networks' generalisation ability. For fully-connected layers, the weight correlation is defined as the average cosine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Gaojie Jin , Xinping Yi , Liang Zhang , Lijun Zhang , Sven Schewe , Xiaowei Huang

Equivariant neural networks play a pivotal role in analyzing datasets with symmetry properties, particularly in complex data structures. However, integrating equivariance with Markov properties presents notable challenges due to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Hui Li , Zhiguo Wang , Bohui Chen , Li Sheng

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have set benchmarks on a wide array of supervised learning tasks. Trained DNNs, however, often lack robustness to minor adversarial perturbations to the input, which undermines their true practicality. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Farzan Farnia , Jesse M. Zhang , David Tse

It has been recently observed in much of the literature that neural networks exhibit a bottleneck rank property: for larger depths, the activation and weights of neural networks trained with gradient-based methods tend to be of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Antoine Ledent , Rodrigo Alves , Yunwen Lei

Complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) are nonlinear filters used in the digital signal processing of complex-domain data. Compared with real-valued neural networks~(RVNNs), CVNNs can directly handle complex-valued input and output signals…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kayol Soares Mayer , Jonathan Aguiar Soares , Ariadne Arrais Cruz , Dalton Soares Arantes

The accuracy of deep learning, i.e., deep neural networks, can be characterized by dividing the total error into three main types: approximation error, optimization error, and generalization error. Whereas there are some satisfactory…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-03 Pengzhan Jin , Lu Lu , Yifa Tang , George Em Karniadakis

In this paper, we present generalization bounds for the unsupervised risk in the Deep Contrastive Representation Learning framework, which employs deep neural networks as representation functions. We approach this problem from two angles.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-20 Nong Minh Hieu , Antoine Ledent , Yunwen Lei , Cheng Yeaw Ku

At present, the great achievements of convolutional neural network(CNN) in feature and metric learning have attracted many researchers. However, the vast majority of deep network architectures have been used to represent based on real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Siwen Jiang , Wenxuan Wei , Shihao Guo , Hongguang Fu , Lei Huang

The primary objective of learning methods is generalization. Classic uniform generalization bounds, which rely on VC-dimension or Rademacher complexity, fail to explain the significant attribute that over-parameterized models in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lijia Yu , Yibo Miao , Yifan Zhu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

We propose a new bound for generalization of neural networks using Koopman operators. Whereas most of existing works focus on low-rank weight matrices, we focus on full-rank weight matrices. Our bound is tighter than existing norm-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yuka Hashimoto , Sho Sonoda , Isao Ishikawa , Atsushi Nitanda , Taiji Suzuki

Deep neural networks often contain far more parameters than training examples, yet they still manage to generalize well in practice. Classical complexity measures such as VC-dimension or PAC-Bayes bounds usually become vacuous in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Aviral Dhingra

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are the most widely adopted model in graph-structured data oriented learning and representation. Despite their extraordinary success in real-world applications, understanding their working mechanism by theory is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Huayi Tang , Yong Liu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. It is found empirically that adversarially robust generalization is crucial in establishing defense algorithms against adversarial attacks. Therefore, it is interesting to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jiancong Xiao , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi- Quan Luo

In this paper, we investigate the Rademacher complexity of deep sparse neural networks, where each neuron receives a small number of inputs. We prove generalization bounds for multilayered sparse ReLU neural networks, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Tomer Galanti , Mengjia Xu , Liane Galanti , Tomaso Poggio

Complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) have been shown to be powerful nonlinear approximators when the input data can be properly modeled in the complex domain. One of the major challenges in scaling up CVNNs in practice is the design of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Simone Scardapane , Steven Van Vaerenbergh , Danilo Comminiello , Aurelio Uncini

Largest theoretical contribution to Neural Networks comes from VC Dimension which characterizes the sample complexity of classification model in a probabilistic view and are widely used to study the generalization error. So far in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Linu Pinto , Sasi Gopalan

As a general type of machine learning approach, artificial neural networks have established state-of-art benchmarks in many pattern recognition and data analysis tasks. Among various kinds of neural networks architectures, polynomial neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Chao Pan , Chuanyi Zhang

In this paper, we interpret Deep Neural Networks with Complex Network Theory. Complex Network Theory (CNT) represents Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as directed weighted graphs to study them as dynamical systems. We efficiently adapt CNT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriele La Malfa , Giuseppe Nicosia , Vito Latora

We study the generalization capabilities of Group Convolutional Neural Networks (GCNNs) with ReLU activation function by deriving upper and lower bounds for their Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension. Specifically, we analyze how factors such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Anna Sepliarskaia , Sophie Langer , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber