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One prominent model for quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) is that they originate from extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) involving stellar-mass objects orbiting around massive black holes and colliding with their accretion disks. We compute…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-07 Leif Lui , Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Rudrani Kar Chowdhury , Lixin Dai

Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are one of the primary targets for the recently adopted millihertz gravitational-wave (GW) observatory LISA. Some previous studies have argued that a fraction of all EMRIs form in matter-rich…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-02 Shubham Kejriwal , Vojtech Witzany , Michal Zajacek , Dheeraj R. Pasham , Alvin J. K. Chua

Extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), i.e. binary systems comprised by a compact stellar-mass object orbiting a massive black hole, are expected to be among the primary gravitational wave (GW) sources for the forthcoming LISA mission. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-25 Matteo Bonetti , Alberto Sesana

Recent X-ray observations have discovered a class of periodic X-ray flares in galactic nuclei known as quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs). A promising explanation of QPEs is an emission produced when a stellar-mass object orbiting a central…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-16 Tomoya Suzuguchi , Hidetoshi Omiya , Hiroki Takeda

Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) display correlated long/short and strong/weak patterns that remain unexplained by existing flat-disk collision models. We propose that these features arise from an extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI) colliding…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Bo-An Chen , Bei You , Giovanni Miniutti , Ning Jiang , Zhen Pan , Tao Yang , Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Xu-Heng Ding , Zong-Hong Zhu , Shuai-Kang Yang , Sai-En Xu , Han He , Xiao Fan

The inspiral of a stellar-mass compact object into a massive ($\sim 10^{4}$-$10^{7} M_{\odot}$) black hole produces an intricate gravitational-wave signal. Due to the extreme-mass ratios involved, these systems complete $\sim…

Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), namely binary systems composed of a massive black hole and a compact stellar-mass object, are anticipated to be among the gravitational wave (GW) sources detected by the Laser Interferometer Space…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-23 Chang Liu , Danny Laghi , Nicola Tamanini

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few hours to a few weeks from galactic nuclei. Though the debates on the origin of QPEs have not completely settled down, more and more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-28 Cong Zhou , Binyu Zhong , Yuhe Zeng , Lei Huang , Zhen Pan

Wet extreme mass-ratio inspirals (wet EMRIs), which arise from stellar-mass black holes inspiral into supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the gas-rich environments of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), are primary sources of gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-05 Zhenwei Lyu , Zhen Pan , Junjie Mao , Ning Jiang , Huan Yang

The space based interferometer LISA will be capable of detecting the gravitational waves emitted by stellar mass black holes or neutron stars slowly inspiralling into the supermassive black holes found in the centre of most galaxies. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-14 Christopher J. Moore , Alvin J. K. Chua , Jonathan R. Gair

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will open the mHz frequency window of the gravitational wave (GW) landscape. Among all the new GW sources expected to emit in this frequency band, extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) constitute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Danny Laghi , Nicola Tamanini , Walter Del Pozzo , Alberto Sesana , Jonathan Gair , Stanislav Babak , David Izquierdo-Villalba

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few to ten hours from nearby galactic nuclei. The origin of QPEs is still unclear. In this work, we investigated the extreme mass ratio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-24 Cong Zhou , Lei Huang , Kangrou Guo , Ya-Ping Li , Zhen Pan

Gravitational waves (GWs) accompanied by electromagnetic (EM) counterparts provide a novel methodology to measure the Hubble constant ($H_0$), known as bright sirens. However, the rarity of such multi-messenger events limits the precision…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-22 Yejing Zhan , Di Wang , Shuang-Xi Yi , Fa-Yin Wang

Scattering events around the center of massive galaxies will occasionally toss a stellar-mass compact object into an orbit around the massive black hole at the center, beginning an extreme mass ratio inspiral. The early stages of such a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-31 Daniel J Oliver , Aaron D Johnson , Joel Berrier , Kostas Glampedakis , Daniel Kennefick

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) represent a recently discovered example of extreme X-ray variability associated with supermassive black holes. These are high-amplitude bursts recurring every few hours that are detected in the soft…

Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) are key observational targets for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission. Unresolvable EMRI signals contribute to the formation of a gravitational wave background (GWB). Characterizing the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-02 Manuel Piarulli , Riccardo Buscicchio , Federico Pozzoli , Ollie Burke , Matteo Bonetti , Alberto Sesana

Supermassive black holes and their surrounding dense stellar environments nourish a variety of astrophysical phenomena. We focus on the distribution of stellar-mass black holes around the supermassive black hole and the consequent formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-11 Barak Rom , Itai Linial , Karamveer Kaur , Re'em Sari

The capture of compact stellar remnants by galactic black holes provides a unique laboratory for exploring the near horizon geometry of the Kerr spacetime, or possible departures from general relativity if the central cores prove not to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-22 N. J. Cornish

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a planned space-based observatory designed to detect gravitational waves (GWs) within the millihertz frequency range. LISA is anticipated to observe the inspiral of compact objects into black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-26 Stefan H. Strub , Lorenzo Speri , Domenico Giardini

Gravitational wave (GW) signals from extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are a key observational target for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The waveforms may be affected by the astrophysical environment surrounding the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Soumodeep Mitra , Nicholas Speeney , Sumanta Chakraborty , Emanuele Berti
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